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1、EnergyStorageforMiniGridsStatusandProjectionsofBatteryDeploymentEnergyStorageforMiniGridsStatusandProjectionsofBatteryDeploymentThisreportoftheEnergyStoragePartnershipispreparedbytheEnergySectorManagementAssistanceProgram(ESMAP)withcontributionsfromtheAllianceforRuralElectrification(ARE),RicereasulS

2、istemaEnergetico(RSE),1.oughboroughUniversity,andtheInter-AmericanDevelopmentBank(IADB).TheEnergyStoragePartnershipisaglobalpartnershipconvenedbytheWorldBankGroupthroughESMAPEnergyStorageProgramtofosterinternationalcooperationtodevelopsustainableenergystoragesolutionsfordevelopingcountries.Formorein

3、formationvisit:https:/www.esmap.org/the_energy_storage_partnership_espABOUTESMAPTheEnergySectorManagementAssistanceProgram(ESMAP)isapartnershipbetweentheWorldBankand24partnerstohelplow-andmiddle-incomeuntriesreducepovertyandboostgrowththroughsustainableenergysolutions.ESMAP,sanalyticalandadvisoryser

4、vicesarefullyintegratedwithintheWorldBankscountryfinancingandpolicydialogueintheenergysector.ThroughtheWorldBankGroup(WBG)1ESMAPworkstoaeleratetheenergytransitionrequiredtoachieveSUStainabIeDeVeIODmenlGOal7(SDG7)toensureaesstoaffordable,reliable,sustainable,andmodernenergyforall.Ithelpstosesandprogr

5、amstoachievetheWBGClimateChanaeACtiOnPlantargets.1.earnmoreat:htsWesmaD.OrQ2023InternationalBankforRenstructionandDevelopmentZTheWorldBank1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433Telephone:;Internet:www.worldbank.oraRightsandPermissionsThematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecausetheWorldBankencouragesdi

6、sseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesiffullattributiontothisworkisgiven.Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,WorldBankGroup,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA;fax:+1-;e-mail:DUbriahtWOr

7、Idbank.or.Furthermore,theESMAPProgramManagerwouldappreciatereceivingacopyofthepublicationthatusesthispublicationforitssourcesentincareoftheaddressabove,ortoesmadworldbank.org.ThisworkisavailableundertheCreativeCommons3.0IGO)httD：/CreaIiVeCommon$.ora/license$/bv3.0io.UndertheCreativeCommonsAttributio

8、nlicense,youarefreetocopy,distribute,transmit,andadaptthiswork,includingforcommercialpurposes,underthefollowingconditions:Attribution-EnergySectorManagementAssistanceProgram(ESMAP).2023.EnergyStorageforMiniGrids:StatusandProjectionsofBatteryDeployment.Washington,DC:WorldBank.Translations-Thistransla

9、tionwasnotcreatedbyTheWorldBankandshouldnotbeconsideredanofficialWorldBanktranslation.TheWorldBankshallnotbeliableforanycontentorerrorinthistranslation.AdaptationsThisisanadaptationofanoriginalworkbyTheWorldBank.Viewsandopinionsexpressedintheadaptationarethesoleresponsibilityoftheauthor(三)oftheadapt

10、ationandarenotendorsedbyTheWorldBank.Third-PartyContent-TheWorldBankdoesnotnecessarilyowneachcomponentofthecontentcontainedwithintheworkanddoesnotwarrantthattheuseofanythird-partyownedindividualcomponentorpartcontainedintheworkwillnotinfringeontherightsofthosethirdparties.Ifyouwishtoreuseacomponento

11、fthework,itisyourresponsibilitytodeterminewhetherpermissionisneededforthatreuseandtoobtainpermissionfromthecopyrightowner.Examplesofcomponentscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto1tables,figures,orimages.ProductionCreditsProductionEditorHeatherAustinDesignerCircleGraphics,Inc.FrontCover|IRENABackCoverIRENAA

12、llimagesremainthesolepropertyoftheirsourceandmaynotbeusedforanypurposewithoutwrittenpermissionfromthesource.tableOfcontentsABBREVIATIONSVllACKNOW1.EDGMENTSV川KEYFINDINGSIXEXECUTIVESUMMARYX1 BATTERYTECHNO1.OGIESINMINIGRIDSACROSSTHEWOR1.D11.1 TheGlobalStockofMiniGrids21.2 TheGenerationMixofMiniGrids31.

13、3 TheRoleofStorage31.4 TheRoleofthe1.evelizedCostofStorageintheTechnologySelectionProcess51.5 UsingMiniGridsforProductiveUses:BeyondBasicAccesstoElectricity51.6 ChallengesFacedbyMiniGridDevelopers52 SIZEOFTHEG1.OBA1.MARKETFORMINIGRIDANDENERGYSTORAGE71 .1NumberofPeoplewithoutAccesstoElectricity722 Pr

14、ojectedAccessby2030823 RuralMiniGridInstallationsin2021824 4ForecastingGlobalDemandforMiniGridsandBatteryStorageSystems93 SE1.ECTIONOFBATTERYTECHNO1.OGY121 .1FactorsInvestorsConsider1232 ComparisonofStorageTechnologies1433 TheCapitalCostofBatteries1534 4The1.evelizedCostofStorage164 FUTURETRENDSINBA

15、TTERYSTORAGEFORMINIGRIDAPP1.ICATION204.1 Used1.ithium-IonBatteriesasaStationaryStorageSolution204.2 Iron-AirBatteriesfor1.ong-TermEnergyStorage214.3 SodiumIonBatteries224.4 Hydrogen-PoweredStorage224.5 FlywheelEnergyStorageforMiniGridStabilization225 CASESTUDIES245.1 SolarMiniGridswith1.eadAcidBatte

16、ries:TheHuskPowerMicrogridsInitiativeinIndiaandNigeria245.2 SolarHybridMiniGridwith1.ithiumIronPhosphateBatteries:The1.olweIslands,Uganda255.3 SolarHybridMiniGridwith1.ithium-IonNickelManganeseCobaltBatteries:SanSeth,Bogale1Myanmar265.4 SolarHybridMiniGridwith1.ithiumIronPhosphateBatteries:Dancitagi,Nigeria265.5 SolarMiniGridwith1