人民大2024管理学原理（第10版）英文教师手册robbinscoulter_fom10_im_01.docx

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1、CHAPTER1MANAGERSANDMANAGEMENT1.EARNINGOUTCOMESAfterreadingthischapter,studentsshouldbeableto:ll.Tellwhomanagersareandwheretheywork.1-2.Definemanagemeni.1-3.DescribeWhalmanagersdo.1-4.Explainwhyitsimportanttostudymanagement.1-5.Describethefactorsthatarcreshapingandredefiningmanagement.ManagementMythM

2、YTH:Onlythosewhowanttobemanagersneedotakeacourseinmanagement.TRUTH:AnyonewhoworksinanorganizationnotjustmanagerscangaininsightintohoworganizationsworkandIhebehaviorsoftheirbossandcoworkersbytakingacourseinmanagement.SUMMARYEveryoneseensiothinktheyknowwhalmakesagoodleader.Tlieythinkitiscommonsensebut

3、youdon,thavetobeamanager,oraspiretobeamanager,inordertogainsomethingfromamanagementcourse.TeaChinWTips:Getstudentstogivesomeexamplesofgoodmanagers.Askifitmattersifthemanagerisyoungorold.maleorfemale?Ismanagementnecessaryinnon-profitorganizationsandsmallcompanieslikeitisinRr-prfitandlargecompanies?I.

4、WHOAREMANAGERS,ANDWHEREDOTHEYWORK?A. Introduction1. Managersworkinanorganization.2. AnorganizationisaUeliberalear11ngementofpeopleb11)ughttogetherIoaccomplishsomespecificpurpose.a)Yourcollegeoruniversityisanorganization.Soisafoolballteamandasorority.B. WhatThreeCharacteristicsDollOrganizationsShare?

5、1. Evcrj,organizationhasapurposeandismadepofpeoplewhoarcgroupedinsomefashion.a) SeeExhibitI-I.b) Thisdistinctpurposeistypicallyexpressedintermsofagoalorsetofgoals.2. Purposesorgoalscanonlybeachievedthroughpeople.3. Allorganizationsdevelopasystematicstructurethatdefinesandlimitsthebehaviorofitsmember

6、s.a)Developingastructurenayincludecreatingrulesandregulations,givingSOmeInenlberSSUPerVisOrycontrol,formingteams,etc.C. HowAreManagersDifferentfromNonmanagerialEmployees?1. Organizationalmembersfitintowocategories:nonnunagerialemployeesandmanagers.a) Nonmanagerialemployeesworkdirectlyonajobortaskand

7、havenooversightontheresponsibilityofothers.b) Managersdirecttheactivitiesofotherpeopleintheorganization.1) Customarilyclassifiedas(op.middle,orfirstline,theysupervisebothnonmanagerialemployeesandlower-levelmanagers.2) SeeExhibit1-2.3) Somemanagersalsohavenonmanagerialresponsibilitiesthemselves.2. Tl

8、iedistinctionbeiweennon-managersandmanagersisthatmanagershaveemployeeswhoreportdirectlytohem.FromthePasttothePresentThetermsmanagementormanagercomefromanumberofsources.Onesourcesaysthatthewordmanageroriginatedin1588todescribeoneWhomanages.Thespecificuseofthewordas“onewhoconductsahouseOrbUSinC於orpubl

9、icinstitution,issaidtohaveoriginatedin1705.AnothersourceSaySthattheorigin(1555-1565)isfromthewordmaneggiave,which11eant“tohandleortrainhorses/1andwasaderivativeofthewordwhichisfromIhe1.alinwordforhand,11uuux.Thisoriginarosefromthewaythathorseswereguided,conlrolled,ordirectedwheretogo-byusingoneshand

10、.ThewordsmanagementandmanagerarcmoreappropriateIotheearlyIwenlielhcentury.PcterDrucker,theIalemanagementwriter,studiedandWroIeaboutmanagementformorethan50years.Tlieword%management,wasfirstpopularizedbyFrederickWinslowTaylor.In1911.TaylorsbookPrinciplesofScientificManagenent,waspublished.Itscontentsw

11、erewidelyembracedbymanagersaroundtheworld.Thebookdescribedthetheoryofscientificmanagement:theuseofscientificmethodstodefinethe4*onebestwayMforajobtobedone,liespentmorethantwodecadespassionatelypursuingthe*tonebestway“forsuchjobstobedone.Basedonhisgroundbreakingstudyofmanualworkersusingscienificprinc

12、iples,TaylorbecameknownastheifathefOfscientificmanagement.Someofthesetechniquesliketheanalysisofbasicworkthatmustbeperfb11wdandtine-and-moionstudies,are*uillusedtoday.D. WhatTitlesDoManagersHave?1. Topmanagersarcresponsibleformakingdecisionsaboutthedirectionoftheorganizationandestablishingpoliciesth

13、ataffectallorganizationalmembers.a)Topmanagershavetitlesincludingvicepresident,managingdirector,chiefoperatingofficer,chancellor,etc.2. Middlemanagersrepresentlevelsofmanagementbetweenthefirst-Iinesupenisorandtopmanagement.a) Theymanageothermanagersandpossiblysomenonmanagerialemployees.b) ,heyareres

14、ponsiblefortranslatingthegoalssetbylopmanagementintospecificdetails.3. First-linemanagersareusuallycalledsupervisors,shiftmanagers,etc.a)Theyareresponsiblefordirectingtheday-lo-dayactivitiesofnonnunagerialemployees.4. Teamleadersareresponsibleformanagingandfacilitatingactivitiesofaworkteam,a)heytypi

15、callyreporttoafirst-linemanager.VVHATISMANAGEMENT?1. Managementcanbedefinedastheprocessofgettingthingsdoneeffectivelyandefficiently,throughandwithotherpeople.a)Thetermprocess,inthedefinitionrepresentstheprinar),activitiesmanagers)erform.2. Effectivenessandefficiencydealwithwhatwearedoingandhowweared

16、oingit.a) Efficiencymeansdoingthetaskrightandreferstotherelationshipbetweeninputsandoutputs.Managementisconcernedaboutminimizingresourcecostswhileachievingthedesiredoutput.b) Efteciivenessmeansdoingtheright(ask,andinanorganization.Ihattranslatesintogoalattainnwnt.)SeeExhibii1-3.3. Efficiencyandeffeclivenessareinterrelated.a) Ilsea