sample-of-summary-writing.docx

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1、ChiIdrenMustbeTaughttoTellRijhtfromWrOnaWilliamKiIPaIyiCkManyoftodaysyoungpeoplehaveadifllcul（tineseeinganymoraldimens沁nC苴核层面）utheiractions.ITicrcarcanumberofreasonswhythatstrue,butnonemoreprominentthanafailedsystemofeducationthateschews（回避）teachingchildrenthetraditionalmoralvaluesthatbindAmericanst

2、ogetherasasocietyandaCUIUlN.Thatfoiledapproach,called4tdecision-makingwasintroducedinschools25yearsago.ItIelkchiIdivntodecideforIhcniselveswhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Itreplacedcharactereducation.（IrWItrCharactereducationdidntaskchildrentoreinventthemoralwheel（奢侈时间取新独创早已存在的itt德标准:instead,itencouragedt

3、hemtopracticehabitsofcourage,justiceandSdCCong1.Inthe1940s.whenacharactereducationapproachprevailed.IeaCherSworriedabouts（ude11（sCheWinggum;todaytheyworryaboutrobberyandrape.Decision-makingcurriculumsposethorny（麻烦的）ethicaldilcm11ustostudents,leavingthemwiththeimpressionthatallmoralityisproblematicsi

4、VdIhalallquestionsofrightandwrongarcindispute.YoungstersarcforcedtoquestionvaluesandvirtuestheyveneveracquiredinIhCfirsiplaceoruponwhichIheyhaveonlyatenuous（得弱的）hold.Tbeassump（ionbehind（hismehxlisthatSIlldeIigwillarrivea（goodnoralconclusionsifonlytheyarcgiventhechance.Buttheactualresultismoralconfus

5、ion.Forexample,arecentnationalstudyof1,700sixth-toninth-gradersrevealedthatamajorityofboysconsideredrape（obeacceptableunderce11ainconditions.Astoundingly,manyof（hegirlsagreed.Thiskindofmoralilliteracyisfurtherencouragedby、IaIueSn-judgmenlal（无是非观的as-long-as-you-cclcomi*rtablc-with-your-choiccsmentali

6、ty（ffi）thathasPCrVaded（清透）PUbliCeducationforIhelastIWoandone-halfdecades.Manyoftoday,sdrugeducation,sexeducationandvaluescducationcoursesarebasedonthesame1960sphilosophythathelpedfueltheexplosioninteendruguseandsexualactivityinthefirstplace.Meanwhile,whileeducatorsarcstillfiddlingwith（胡乱探布）outdated*

7、icclgood,approaches.NewYork.Washington,and1.osAngeIeSareburning.YoungstersareleavingschoolbelievingthatnuersofrightandWn）ngarcalwaysmerelysubjective.IfyoupassastrangerontheSIreCtanddecidetomurderhimbecauseyouneedmoneyifitfeelsrightyougowiththatfxling.Clearly,murderisnottaughtinourSChCX）Is.hutsuchaco

8、nclusionjusaboutanyconclusion-canbereachedandjustifiedusingthedecision-makingInClh（X1.histime（oconsign（寄出）Ihefads（风尚）of,Mccision-making*andnonjudgmcntalisntotheashheapof!ailedpolicies,andreturnIoaprovedmelhd.Charactereducationprovidesamuchnx）rerealisticapproachIomoralformation.Itisbuiltonanunderstan

9、dingthatwelearnnwralitynotbydebatingitbutbypracticingit.SummaryofChildrenMustbeIaughttoTellRightfromWrong”Inhisessay“ChildrenMUSlbeTaUghl【oTellRighlfromWrong.WilIiarnKilPaIriCkargueshallhc“decision-makingapproachtothemoraleducaionofAmericanyouth,whichreplacedcharactereducation25yearsago,hasprevented

10、juvenilesfrombehavingandthinkinginaccordancewiththetraditionalmoralprinciples(hatarefundamentaltoAmericansociety.ACCOrdingloKiIpaKick,decision-makingmchodsinstillinstudentsawrongbeliefthatallnormsofmoralityaresubjectiveconstructswithonlyrelativetruthinthemandIhcreibrecanbeintcretcdflexiblyandevenque

11、stioned.ThiSbeliefdeprivesthemofthechancetosecuresolidmoralstandardsandcausesmisconceptionsaboutvhalshouldheclearlyrighorwrong.InDarallelWiththisinadequacyOfthe“decision-makingapproacharetheunexpectedoutcomesofIhOSCVaIUCS-CdUCaliCnPrOgnin1$focusingOnstudentsSelf-esteemthatsupportthe44non-judgmenta,m

12、indsetdominating“decision-making“curriculums.ThCirHiisiakcnassumpionthatfeelinggoodwarrantsmoralityexcusesstudentsfromcriticizinganddiscipliningtheirownbehaviors.BaSinghisCOnCIlISionOnhisanalysisOfIhefundamenlalflawsOfthedccisicn-makingapproach,Kilpalrickfinallyproposesanimmediateshiftbacktocharactereducationwhichhebelievesteachesmoralitymoreeffectivelybyemphasizingpracticeinsteadofdiscussion.