Elsevier期刊投稿英文模板(Animal-Feed-Science-and-Technology).docx

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1、63646566676869707172737475767778798081828384851IntroductionItiswidelyacceptedthatdairfcowshaverequirementsforaminoacids(AA)thatmustbeprovidedinthedietasasupplementIoIheAAin11icrobialproteinthatpassesfromtheru11en.HoweverduetothelackofcommercialavailabilityofruminalIyprotected(RP)Iysincthatescapesthe

2、forestonachundigestedktherebymakingitavailableforabsorptioninthesmallinlesline,thereisIildcexperimentaldataIosupportproductivebenefitstosupplementationofdairyrationswithlysine.Previousresearchers(Velleetal.1997.1998:Voldenetal.1998)havereportedruminalescapeofIysincIhalvariedfromabout100to291g/kgofth

3、elysinedosed,dependenluponthelevelofIysincdosedtotherumen.Suchlevels,particularlythehigherones,maketheuseoffreelysineapotentiallyeconomicalsourceofintestinallyavailablelysine.However,the11elhetween6and8weekspriortotheirpryeciedcalvingdale.DuringIhebalanceoftheirdryperian)perkgofDMintakebut.duetothem

4、ethodofestimatingexpectedfutureDMintake,actualvalueswereabout16%higher.ActuallysinedeliverylevelsarcinTable3.868788899091%93949596979899I(X)IOI102103KM1051062.2. Measurementsandanalyficalmethods107108i(IIO111112IB114115116117HS119120121122123124125126127128SilagesandTMRwereprocured,sampledandassayed

5、aspreviouslydescribed(Robinsonelal.2005).Ortsweresampledondays15.17and20ofeachperiodandcompositedwithincowandperiodrelative(otheweightssampled.Cowsweremilked,amimilksampledamiassayed,aspreviouslydescribed(Robinsonetal.,2005).aswerebodyweights(BW)andbxlyconditionscores(BCS),whichwerecollectedatthebeg

6、inningofeachexperimentalperiodandattheendofIheexperiment.Apulsedoseof35gofCoEDTA4preparedasdescribedbyUdcnclal.(I98wasdissolvedin200mlofwaterandmanuallyinfusedtotherunwnthroughtherumencannulaat06:55h(i.e.,immediatelybeforefeeding)onday19ofeachexperimentalperiod.Rumenfluidwassampledat06:50h(i.e.,imme

7、diatelyprior(oCoEDTAinfusion),07:00,07:30,08:30,09:30,11:00.12:30and14:00honday19ofeachperiod.Sampling,samplepreservationandanalyticalproceduresforlysine,CoammoniaN.totalNandVFAwereasdescribedbyRobinsonelal.(2(X)5).Samplesofrmenfluidwerealsocollectedat()9:00and13:00honday20ofeachperiodandruminalIxic

8、teriawereisolated,preservedandassayedasdescribedbyRobinsonetal.(2005).SamplesofwholerumeningestawereCOIICCICdat09:00andI3:(X)honday21ofeachperiod.Sampleswerecollected,preservedandassayedaspreviouslydescribed(Robinsonetal.25).2.3. CalculationsRumenliquidturnoverratewascalculatedasthedeclineofthenatu1

9、1llogarithmoftheCoconcentrationduring(heAMfeedingperiod,andtherumenliquidvolumewasestimatedastheCodoseinfusedat06:55hdividedbytheextrapolatedCoconcentrationatr=0.129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151Estimatedruminalnon-diges(ionofNDFwasdeterminedastheIignin/NDFral100fIherumeningestadividedbythelignin/NDFrat100ftheTMRfed.butassuming50g/kgdigestion(i.e.disappearance)oflignininIherumen(