Formation-of-A-Contract-中文翻译.docx
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1、FORMATIONOFACONTRACT合同的形成1. Acontractisanagreementgivingrisetoobligationswhichareenforcedorrecognisedbylaw.合同指的是阐述缔约各方应般行的义务的约定,其内容己得到法律认可,可强制执行。2. Incommonlaw,thereare3basicessentialstothecreationofacontract:(i)agreement;(ii)contractualintention;and(iii)nsideratio.依据做法的规定,合同的创建须要满意三大票本要素:(1)缔约方约定;(
2、2)打为意图:(3)对价,3. Thefirstrequisiteofacontractisthatthepartiesshouldhavereachedagreement.Generallyspeaking,anagreementisreachedwhenonepartymakesanoffer,whichisacceptedbyanotherparty.Indecidingwhetherthepartieshavereachedagreement,thecourtswillapplyanobjectivetest.合同的第一个必的要素是缔约方已达成的定.通常而言当一方提出要约而另一方接受该
3、要约时就视为已达成了约定,为确定缔约方是否已达成约定,法院会组织一次客观测试.A.OFFER要的4. AnofferisanexpressionofwillingnesstocontractonSpeafiedterms,madewiththeintentionthatitistobebindingonceacceptedbythepersontowhomitisaddressed.1Theremustbeanobjectivemanifestationofintentbytheofferortobeboundbytheofferifacceptedbytheotherparty.Theref
4、ore,theofferorwillbeboundifhiswordsorconductaresuchastoinduceareasonablethirdpartyobservertobelievethatheintendstobebound,evenifinfacthehasnosuchintention.Thiswasheldtobethecasewhereauniversitymadeanofferofaplacetoanintendingstudentasaresultofaclericalerron2要约表达了达成特定条款的意展,且具备这样的意图:一旦受要约人接受了该要约,将对要约人
5、产生法定约束效力.要约人意图的客观表现在于,一旦另一方接受该要约,要约人将受到该要约商的约束.因此.若要约人的古谱或行为让理智的第三方旁观者信任其将受到合同提议的约束,即便要约人并无此类意图,该要约仍对其有约束效力.举个例立由于堂误缘由,某个高校错误地向某个对该校有爱好的学生供应了份录用通知书,此时该录用通知书是有法律效力的.,5. Anoffercanbeaddressedtoasingleperson,toaspecifiedgroupofpersons,ortotheworidatlarge.Anexampleofthelatterwouldbearewardposterforthere
6、turnofalostpet.要约函的对象为单个人士,或特定群体人士或社会全部人士,比如主子张贴悬赏通告以找回丢失的宠物时,悬噌.要约就是针对社会全部人士的,6. Anoffermaybemadeexpressly(bywords)orbyconduct.要约可通过口头明确表达出来,或者用行为表达7. Anoffermustbedistinguishedfromaninvitationtotreat,bywhichapersondoesnotmakeanofferbutinvitesanotherpartytodoso.Whetherastatementisanofferoraninvitat
7、iontotreatdependsprimarilyontheintentionwithwhichitismade.Aninvitationtotreatisnotmadewiththeintentionthatitistobebindingassoonasthepersontowhomitisaddressedcommunicateshisassenttoitsterms.要约应与遨约区分开来。在遨约中,地清方并未供应一份具有约束效力的要约而是邀请另一方这么做.要约和邀约的区分主要在于其意图.邀约并不具备这样的意图:只要接收方同意邀约中的条款的话,该邀约将对邀请方产生法定约束效力.8. AC
8、CEPTANCE受妁8. Anacceptanceisafinalandunqualifiedexpressionofassenttothetermsofanoffer.Again,theremustbeanobjectivemanifestation,bytherecipientoftheoffer,ofanintentiontobeboundbyitsterms.AnoffermustbeacceptedinaccordancewithItsprecisetermsifItistoformanagreement.ItmustexactlymatchtheofferandA1.1.terms
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- Formation of Contract 中文翻译