美国名人电视机发明人菲罗·法恩斯沃斯.docx

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1、美国名人电视机发明人菲罗法恩斯沃斯PhiloFarnsworth,1906-1971:TheFatherOfTeIevisionplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:16repeatByPaulThompson2008-12-6VOICEONE:mPhoebeZimmermann.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Todaywetellaboutamanwhomadepossibleoneofthemostimportantcommunicationsdevicesevercreat

2、ed-television.HisnamewasPhiloFarnsworth.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:TelevisionmadeitpossibleforhundredsofmillionsofpeopletowatchNeilArmstrongsteppingontothesurfaceofthemoonInnineteensixty-nine,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongclimbeddownthesideofthespacevehiclethathadtakenhimtothemoon.Ashisfoottouchedthesurfaceoft

3、hemoon,picturesoftheeventweresentbacktotelevisionsonEarth.Thepictureswerenotverygood.ItwashardtoseeastronautArmstrongclearly.Thesurfaceofthemoonwasextremelybright.Andthemoonlandervehiclecreatedaverydarkzblackshadow.Butthequalityofthetelevisionpictureswasnotimportant.Everyman,womanandchildwhosawthete

4、levisionpicturesunderstoodtheywerewatchinganimportantevent.Theywerewatchinghistorytakeplaceasitwashappeningmanyhundredsofthousandsofkilometersaway.VOICETWO:Forafewminutes,thepoorqualitytelevisionpicturescapturedtheimaginationofmillionsofpeoplethroughouttheworld.Expertsbelieveaboutsixhundredmillionpe

5、oplearoundtheworldwatchedasNeilArmstrongsteppedfromthespacevehicletothesurfaceofthemoon.Intheyearssincethen,peoplearoundtheworldhavesharedinmanyevents.Televisionhasmadeitpossibleforpeopleindistantplacestoshareasingleexperience.VOICEONE:Atelevisionsystemchangeslightandsoundwavesfromamovingpictureinto

6、electronicsignalsthattravelthroughtheair.Thesignalsarechangedbackintosoundandpicturesinatelevisionreceiver.ScientistsinBritain,Germany,France,Japan,theformerSovietUnionandtheUnitedStatesallmadeimportantdiscoveriesthatledtothedevelopmentofmoderntelevision.YetitwasayoungboylivingonanAmericanfarmwhowas

7、thefirstpersontoinventanddesignwhatbecametelevision.Hefirstthoughtoftheideaofanelectronictelevisionwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.HisnamewasPhiloTaylorFarnsworth.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:PhiloFarnsworthwasbornonAugustnineteenth,nineteen-oh-six,nearIndianCreekinthewesternstateofUtah.Thehousehelivedinforthefirs

8、tfewyearsofhislifehadnoelectricpower.ButPhiloreadaboutelectricity.HewasveryexcitedwhenhisfamilymovedtoanewhouseinIdahothathadelectricpower.Hequicklybegantoexperimentwithelectricity.Hebuiltanelectricmotorwhenhewastwelve.Thenhebuiltthefirstelectricwashingmachineforclothesthathisfamilyhadeverowned.Phil

9、oFarnsworthattendedaverysmallschoolnearhisfamilysfarm.Hedidverywellinschool.Heaskedhisteacherforspecialhelpinscience.TheteacherbeganhelpingPhilolearnagreatdealmorethanmostyoungstudentscouldunderstand.VOICEONE:Onenight,Philoreadamagazinestoryabouttheideaofsendingpicturesandsoundthroughtheair.Anyonewi

10、thadevicethatcouldreceivethiselectronicinformationcouldwatchthepictures.Themagazinestorysaidsomeoftheworldsbestscientistswereworkingontheidea.Itsaidthesescientistswereusingspecialmachinestotrytomakeakindofdevicetosendpictures.ThestorymadePhilothink.Fourteen-year-oldPhilodecidedthesefamousscientistsw

11、erewrong.Hedecidedthatmechanicaldeviceswouldneverwork.Theycouldneverbemadetomovefastenoughtoclearlycaptureandreproduceanelectronicpicturesentthroughtheair.Philodecidedthatsuchadevicewouldhavetobeelectronic,notmechanical.Philoknewelectronscouldbemadetomoveextremelyfast.Allhewouldhavetodowasfindawayto

12、makeelectronsdothework.VeryquicklyPhilohadanideaforsuchareceiver.Itwouldtraplightinacontainerandsendthelightonalineofelectrons.Philocalleditlightinabottle.VOICETWO:Severaldayslater;Philotoldhisteacheraboutadevicethatcouldcapturepictures.Hedrewaplanforitthathegavehisteacher.Philosdrawingseemsverysimp

13、le.Butitstillclearlyshowstheinformationneededtobuildatelevision.Infact,alltelevisionequipmenttodaystillusesPhilosearlyidea.PhilosteacherwasJustinTolman.ManyyearslaterPhilowouldsayMisterTolmanguidedhisimaginationandopenedthedoorsofscienceforhim.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:PhiloFarnsworthhadtosolveseveralproblems

14、beforehecouldproduceaworkingtelevisionsystem.Onewasthathewasonlyfourteenyearsold.Heknewnoonewouldlistentoachild.Infact,expertssaythatprobablyonlytenscientistsintheworldatthattimecouldhaveunderstoodhisidea.Philoalsohadnomoneytodevelophisideas.Hisideaforaworkingtelevisionwouldhavetowait.Afteronlytwoye

15、arsofhighschool,PhiloenteredBrighamYoungUniversityinUtah.Buthedidnotfinishhiseducation.Hewasforcedtoleaveschoolwhenhisfatherdied.Philodidnotgiveuphisideaforcreatingatelevision.HebeganseriousworkonitwhenhemovedtoSanFranciscozCaliforniaafewyearslater.Hewastwenty-oneyearsold.VOICETWO:PhiloFarnsworthwit

16、hhistelevisioncameratubeanditsreceiverOnSeptemberseventh,nineteentwenty-seven,Philoturnedonadevicethatwasthefirstworkingtelevisionreceiver.Inanotherroomwasthefirsttelevisioncamera.Philohadinventedthespecialcameratubeearlierthatyear.Theimageproducedonthereceiverwasnotveryclear;butthedeviceworked.Withinafewmonths,PhiloFarnsworthhadfoundseveralpeoplewhowantedtoinvestmoneyinhisinvention.InAugustzninete