2,5二氯对苯二胺的合成工艺研发毕业论文.doc
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1、 毕业设计报告(论文) 2,5-二氯对苯二胺的合成工艺研发姓名 所 属 系 化工与制药工程系 专 业 化学工程与工艺 学 号 指导老师 顾问老师 起讫日期 设计地点 42,5-二氯对苯二胺的合成工艺研发摘 要2,5-二氯对苯二胺是一种重要的化学原料、药品合成中间体,在农药、医药行业有着极为广泛的应用,在染料工业,可用于合成偶氮颜料,也可作为聚氨酯合成的原料。也常应用于染发剂、橡胶防老剂、显像剂的生产。2,5-二氯对苯二胺的制备方法是以2,5二氯苯胺为原料,合成路线包括苯甲酰化,混酸硝化,碱性介质中水解,铁粉还原四步反应。本文中,对其中的酰化阶段和硝化阶段进行工艺改进,即:采用了在1,2-二氯乙
2、烷溶剂中进行反应,从而提高了产物的收率。这种反应条件温和、产品纯度高、生产成本低的制备方法适用于工业化生产。在酰化阶段,用酸酐乙酰化,操作简单,反应速率快。在水解反应阶段,采用碱性介质中水解,解决了废酸难处理的问题。各步反应中比较适宜的工艺条件参数(反应温度,反应时间,质量收率)分别为:酰化反应:25,0.5h,98.09%;硝化反应:50,7-8h,93.90%;水解反应:95,2-3h,81.31%;还原反应:95,7h,80.14%。最后,四步反应总收率为60.25%。产物熔点与文献报道中的一致,并通过H-NMR和IR确认了标题化合物的结构。关键词:2,5-二氯对苯二胺;酰化反应;硝化反
3、应;水解反应;还原反应Synthesis process research of 2,5-dichloro-p-phenylenediamineAbstract2,5-dichloro-p-phenylenediamine is an important chemical material, pharmaceutical synthesis intermediate. In pesticide, medicine industry, it has a very wide range of applications. In dyestuff industry, it can be used fo
4、r azo pigments, also can be used as the raw material polyurethane synthesis, and also can be applied in hair colorings,rubber made,imaging agents production.The preparation method is based on 2,5-dichloroaniline as raw material, the route includes acylation reaction, nitratlon reaction, alkali hydro
5、lysis reaction, reduction reaction. In this article, the process improvement of acylation reaction and nitratlon reaction is to use halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, so its productivity-boosting. The mild reaction conditions, high purity and low cost preparation method is suitable for industrial pro
6、duction.In acylation reaction, we use Ac2O for reaction, hence, the operation is convenient and this way is efficient. The hydrolysis reaction in alkaline medium hydrolysis, is to solve the problem of waste acid treatment. The optimal reaction conditions (temperature, time,weight yield) were asfollo
7、ws: acylation reaction: 25, 0.5h, 98.09%; nitratlon reaction: 50,7-8h,93.90%; hydrolysis reaction: 95, 2-3h,81.31%; reduction reaction: 95,7h,80.14%Finally, the total yield of this four steps was 60.25%.The melting point of the product was the same as those reported in literatures,and the structure
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