2024世界经济论坛-缩小女性健康差距：1万亿美元改善生活和经济的机会（英）.docx

WOR1.DECONOMICFQRUMIncollaborationwiththeMcKinseyHealthInstituteClosingtheWome5sHealthGap:A$1TrillionOpportunitytoImprove1.ivesandEconomiesINSIGHTREPORTJANUARY2024Images:GettyImagesContentsForeword3Executivesummary4Introduction51. Theroleofscienceinaddressinghealthdisparities92. Datagapsunderestimatewomen'shealthburden,limitinginnovationandinvestment133. Creatingsex-andgender-responsivecaredeliverysystems164. Directinginvestmentstowardswomen,shealth205. Closingthewomen'shealthgapcouldbsttheglobaleconomy246. Calltoaction:Howtoclosethewomen'shealthgap30Conclusion34Contributors35Endnotes36DisclaimerThisdocumentispublishedbytheWorldEnomicForumasacontributiontoaproject,insightareaorinteraction.Thefindings,interpretationsandconclusionsexpressedhereinarearesultofacollaborativeprocessfacilitatedandendorsedbytheWorldEconomicForumbutwhoseresultsdonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheWorldEconomicForum,northeentiretyofitsMembers,Partnersorotherstakeholders.©2024WorldEomicForum.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotopyigandrecording,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem.January2024ClosingtheWomen'sHealthGap:A$1TrillionOpportunitytoImprove1.ivesandEconomiesForeword1.ucyP6rezSeniorPartner.McKinsey&Company;Affiliated1.eader,McKinseyHealthInstitute,USAShyamHeadCentreHealthM(Hiit)C-Ioflh(?，eCji-IHWurldForum，Foralltheeffortstoimprovegenderequityoverthepastcentury,thegapbetweenmen'shealthandwomen'shealthremainswide,whetherit'sinresearch,data,careorinvestment.Andeverypersonontheplanetisaffectedbythewomen'shealthgap,whethertheyknowitornot.Whenweconsidertheimpactofclosingthegap,wearenotjusttalkingaboutwomen'slives,butthoseofpeoplewelove,ourcommunitiesandtheworldatlarge.Weknowit,spossibletoreachequityinhealthformenandwomen.Inthisreport,ClosingtheWomen'sHealthGap:A$1TrillionOpportunitytoImprove1.ivesandEconomies,we'repleasedtoshowcasehowthenarrowingofthewomen'shealthgapwouldallow3.9billionwomentolivehealthier,higher-qualitylives.Itcouldalsoallowatleast$1trilliontobepumpedintoenomicproductivityannually,whichreflectshownarrowingthegapwouldleadtofewerearlydeaths,fewerhealthnditions,extendedeconomicandsocietalcapacitytocontribute,andincreasedproductivity.Ofthat,thelargestimpactwouldbecreatedfromwomenhavingfewerhealthconditions,lettingthemavoid24millionlifeyearslostduetodisabilityandboostingeconomicproductivitybyupto$400billion.Women'shealthencompassesmorethanwomen-Specificconditions,andachievinghealthequityispossiblewithintentional,coordinatedefforts.Whiletherearemanyways,largeandsmall,forawiderangeoforganizationstoimprovewomen'shealth,specificactionscouldcreatemeaningfulimpact.Amongtheseareinvestinginwomen-centricresearch;collectingandanalysingsex-,ethnicity-andgender-specificdata;enhancingaccesstogenderspecificcare;creatingincentivesfornewfinancingmodels;andestablishingbusinesspoliciesthatsupportwomen'shealthandstrengthenwomen'srepresentationindecision-making.Weinviteleadersfromthepublic,socialandprivatesectorstoreviewthisreportandfindwaystobringtheirowncontributionstofillingthegapinwomen'shealthoutlinedhere.Weareexcitedtoseerecentmomentuminaddressingthisgap,suchasthedebutoftheWomen'sHealthInnovationOpportunityMap;,therecentcreationoftheWhiteHouseInitiativeonWomen'sHealthResearch;thelaunchoftheWomen,sHealthInterestGroupfromtheEuropeanInstituteofWomen'sHealth;andnewsthatAustraliaisontracktobecomeoneofthefirstcountriestoeliminatecervicalcancer.Inthismulti-yearresearcheffort,theanalysisbacksuponeofthecorebeliefsofeveryoneinvolved:thatweallhavearoletoplayinimprovingwomen'slives.AsNobelPrizewinnerMalalaYousafzaioncesaid,Wecannotsucceedwhenhalfofusareheldback."ExecutivesummaryInvestmentsaddressingthewome,shealthgapcouldaddyearstolifeandlifetoyears-andpotentiallyboosttheglobaleconomyby$1trillionannuallyby2040.Whendiscussingthechallengesinwomen'shealth,acommonrejoinderisthatwomen,2onaverage,livelongerthanmen.Butthisneglectsthefactthatwomenspend25%moreoftheirlivesindebilitatinghealth.Addressingthegapsandshortcomingsinwomen'shealthcouldreducethetimewomenspendinpoorhealthbyalmosttwo-thirds.Thishasthepotentialtohelp3.9billionwomenlivehealthier,higher-qualitylivesbyaddinganaverageofsevendaysofhealthylivingforeachwomanannually,addinguptopotentiallymorethan500daysoverawoman'slifetime.Beyondthesocietalimpactsofhealthierwomen,includingmoreprogressionineducationandIntergenerationalbenefits,3improvingwomen'shealthcouldalsoenablewomentoparticipateintheworkforcemoreactively.Thiswouldpotentiallyboosttheeconomybyatleast$1trillionannuallyby2040.Theseestimates-whilesignificant-arelikelyanunderestimationgivendatalimitations.Inthisreport,women'shealthisdefinedasbiologicalconditionsandgeneralhealthconditionsthatoftenaffectwomenuniquely,differentlyordisproportionately.Therearemanyeffortstoimprovewomen'shealthglobally;however,thisreportfocusesontheeconomicim