美国名人 新闻主持人 沃尔特-克朗凯特.docx

美国名人新闻主持人沃尔特克朗凯特WalterCronkite,1916-2009:ATrustedTVNewsmanplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:45repeatByJeriIynWatson2009-8-15VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.WA1.TERCRONKITE:"Andthat'sthewayitisVOICEONE:Foralmosttwentyyears,thatwashowWalterCronkitewouldendhisnewscasts.Americansallknewhim.Sodidmanyworldleaders.Today'snewsanchorscouldonlyhopeforsuchrecognition.HewasoftencalledthemosttrustedmaninAmerica.Heanchoredthe"CBSEveningNews"untilnineteeneighty-one.Thesixtiesandseventiesproducedmorethanenoughstoriestofilladailynewscast.Thosewereyearsofsocialchangeandcivilrightsprotests.YearsthatsawJohnKennedy,hisbrotherRobertandMartin1.utherKingallmurdered,thewarinSoutheastAsiaexpand,apresidentresign.YearsofworrythatthesamerocketsthatcouldtakepeopletothemooncouldalsobringnuclearwartoEarth.Andyearswhenmostofusstillthoughtofa"mouse"asasmallcreature.Yetsmartmindswerethinkingupthetechnologybehindtoday'scomputersandtheInternet.VOICETWO:ThisJuly1,1952filephotoprovidedbyCBSshowsTVWashingtonnewsmanWalterCronkiteWalterCronkitebroughtitallhomeeachevening,MondaythroughFriday.AsPresidentBarackObamasaidinastatement:"Hewastherethroughwarsandriotszmarchesandmilestones,calmlytellinguswhatweneededtoknow."Andwhentheanchormanwasnotinfrontofthecamera,therewasagoodchancehewasonhisboat.Hewentsailingupuntilalmosthisfinaldays.HediedonJulyseventeenth,twothousandnine,attheageofninety-two.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:WalterCronkitewasbornonNovemberfourth,nineteensixteen,inSaintJoseph,Missouri.Hisfatherwasadentist,hismotherahousewife.WithyoungWalter,thefamilymovedfromtheMidwesttoTexas.HeworkedonhishighschoolnewspaperandlaterlefttheUniversityofTexasatAustintobecomeajournalist.Hewasanewspaperandradioreporterandsportsannouncer.InnineteenfortyhemarriedMaryElizabethMaxwell,knownasBetsy.Theyhadthreechildrenandweretogetherfornearlysixty-fiveyears,untilBetsydiedintwothousandfive.VOICETWO:Asayoungreporter,WalterCronkitecoveredWorldWarTwo.HeworkedforUnitedPress,thewireservicewhichlaterbecameUnitedPressInternational.HelandedinHollandwithAmericansoldiersinaglider.AndhewasinamilitaryplaneoverheadasAlliedforcesstormedthebeachatNormandy,France.ItwasJunesixth,nineteenforty-four;thestartoftheAlliedinvasionofEurope,thefinalpushtodefeatNaziGermany.1.ater;WalterCronkitereportedonthetrialsofNaziwarcriminalsatNuremburg,Germany.VOICEONE:WalterCronkiteOnedayduringthewar,thefamousjournalistEdwardR.Murrowofferedhimajob.Itwasachancetoreportforamajortelevisionnetwork,CBS,theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem.YetTVwasstillyoungthen.WalterCronkitedecidedtostaywherehewas.UnitedPressraisedhispayandlatermadehimitschiefinMoscow.ButinnineteenfiftyheacceptedanotherofferandwenttoworkforCBS.OneofhisearlyprogramswasahistoryshowwherehequestionedactorsplayingpeoplelikeAristotleandJoanofArc.Buthewasaseriousnewsman,andinnineteenfifty-twoheledCBS'coverageofthenationalpoliticalconventions.Theywerethefirsttobetelevisedcoasttocoast.VOICETWO:Tenyearslater,onAprilsixteenth,nineteensixty-twozhebecameanchorofthe"CBSEveningNews."Theprogramwasonlyfifteenminuteslongthen.Ittookhimtwoyearstogethiswishtoextendittothirtyminutes.Healsobecamemanagingeditor;whichexpandedhisinfluenceovertheprogram.WA1.TERCRONKITE:"Iparticipateverydirectlyintheentireprocess-inthedecisionofwhatstorieswecover;inthedecisiononhowwe'recoveringthem,whatlengthoftimewe,regoingtogivetothem.It'sacontinuingprocess.Iwritepartofthebroadcast.Everybitofcopythatgoesonthebroadcastpassesthroughmyhands.IediteverywordthatIsay,Isaynowordsthathavenotgonethroughmyhand,manyofthemmyown.',WalterCronkitemetsomeofthemostimportantpeopleofhistime.ThiswasthetimeoftheColdWarbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.Inoneinterview,though,heaskedPresidentJohnF.Kennedyaboutanotherconflictthatwasgrowingthen.WAITERCRONKITE:"MisterPresident,theonlyhotwarwe'vegotrunningatthemomentistheoneinVietnam."JOHNKENNEDY:"Idon'tthinkthat,uh,unlessagreatereffortismadebythegovernmenttowinpopularsupport,thatthewarcanbewonoutthere."VOICEONE:WalterCronkiteAmericanswouldcometofindtruthinKennedy'swords.But,justtwomonthsafterthatinterview,shotswerefiredathisopen-topcar.Aswewillhearlater,WalterCronkitehadthesaddutyofreportingthattheyoungpresidentwasdead.HappiermomentscameashereportedontheAmericanspaceprogram.InJulyofnineteensixty-ninehewasalmostspeechlesswhenNeilArmstrongbecamethefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.WA1.TERCRONKITE:"Oh,boy!Whew!Boy!',VOICETWO:WalterCronkiterarelyexpressedhisownopinions.Thatwasnotareporter'sjob.ButinthelatesixtieshewenttoreportonthewartopreventacommunisttakeoverofSouthVietnam.President1.yndonJohnsonandhisadviserskepttellingAmericansthattheUnitedStateswasmakingprogress.WalterCronkitewenttoseeforhimself.Then,inacommentaryinFebruaryofnineteensixty-eight,hesaidthewarseemedunwinnable.WA1.TERCRONKITE:"Itisincreasinglycleartothisreporterthattheonlyrationalwayoutthenwillbetonegotiate."Somepeopledenouncedhimandquestionedhisloyalty.Othe