theraven爱伦坡意象浅析.docx

Theravenlonelymantriestoeasehis,sorrowforthelost1.enore,“bydistractinghismindwitholdbooksofforgottenlore."Hcisinterruptedwhileheis"nearlynapping,*byawtappingonhischamberdoor."Asheopensupthedoor,hefinds"darknessthereandnothingmore."Intothedarknesshewhispers,*1.enore,“hopinghislostlovehadcomeback,butal1thatcouldbeheardwas"anechothatmurmuredbacktheword'1.enore!'"Withaburningsou,themanreturnstohischamber,andthistimehecanhearatappingatthewindowlattice.she"flungopentheshutter,w"intheresteppedastatelyRaVen,“thebirdofill-omen(Poe,1850).TheravenperchedonthebustofPallas,thegoddessofwisdominGreekmythology,abovehischamberdoor.ThemanaskstheRavenforhisname,andsurprisinglyitanswers,andcroaks"Nevermore."Themanknowsthatthebirddoesnotspeakfromwisdom,buthasbeentaughlby“someunhappymaster,“andthattheword"nevermore”isitsonlywstockandstore.wThemanwelcomestheraven,andisafraidthattheravenwi11begoneinthemorning,“ashisHopeshaveflownbefore”;however,theravenanswers,“Nevermore."Themansmiled,andpulledupachair,interestedinwhattheraven“meantincroaking,蝴evermore.?Thechair,where1.enoreoncesat,broughtbackpainfulmemories.Theman,whoknowstheirrationalnatureintheravenspeech,stillcannothelpbutasktheravenquestions.Sincethenarratorisawarethattheravenonlyknowsoneword,hecananticipatethebird,sresponses."IstherebalminGilead?”-“Nevermore."Can1.enorebefoundinparadise?-“Nevermore.”"Takethyformfromoffmydoor!w-“Nevermore."Finallythemanconcedes,realizingthattocontinuethisdialoguewou1dbepointless.Andhis"sou】fromoutthatshadow"thattheraventhrowsonthefloor,"ShallbeliftedNevermore!*SymbolsInthispoem,oneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsever,Poeusesseveralsymbolstotakethepoemtoahigherlevel.Themostobvioussymbolis,ofcourse,theravenitself.WhenPoehaddecidedtousearefrainthatrepeatedtheword"nevermore,“hefoundthatitwouIdbemosteffectiveifheusedanon-reasoningcreaturetouttertheword.Itwouldmakelittlesensetouseahuman,sincethehumancouldreasontoanswerthequestions(Poe,1850).In"TheRavenwitisimportantthattheanswerstothequestionsarealreadyknown,toi1lustratetheself-torturetowhichthenarratorexposeshimself.Thiswayofinterpretingsignsthatdonotbeararealmeaning,is"oneofthemostprofoundimpulsesofhumannature*(Quinn,2019:441).Poealsoconsideredaparrotasthebirdinsteadoftheraven;however,becauseofthemelancholytone,andthesymbolismofravensasbirdsofi1l-omcn,hefoundtheravenmoresuitableforthemoodinthepoem(Poe,1850).QuoththeParrot,“Nevermore?”AnotherobvioussymbolisthebustofPallas.Whydidtheravendecidetoperchonthegoddessofwisdom?Onereasoncouldbe,becauseitwouldleadthenarratortobe1ievethattheravenspokefromwisdom,andwasnotjustrepeatingitsonly"stockandstore,“andtosignifythescholarshipofthenarrator.Anotherreasonforusing“Pallas"inthepoemwas,accordingtoPoehimself,simplybecauseofthesonorousnessoftheword,Pallas,itself”(Poe,1850).Alessobvioussymbol,mightbetheuseof"midnight”inthefirstverse,and”December"inthesecondverse.BothmidnightandDecember,symbolizcanendofsomething,andalsotheanticipationofsomethingnew,achange,tohappen.ThemidnightinDecember,mightverywellbeNewYCar拒eve,adatemostofusconnectwithchange.ThisalsoseemstobewhatViktorRydbergbelieveswhenheistranslatingwTheRaven"toSwedish,sinceheusesthephrase”绘et$sistanattvarinne,"(*Thelastnightoftheyearhadarrived*).KennethSilvermanconnectedtheuseofDecemberwithIhcdeathofEdgarIIImother(SiIvcrman,1992:241),whodiedinthatmonth;whetherthisistrueornotis,however,notsignificanttoitsmeaninginthepoem.Thechamberinwhichthenarratorispositioned,isusedtosignifytheIonelinessoftheman,andthesorrowhefeelsforthelossof1.enore.Theroomisrichlyfurnished,andremindsthenarratorofhislostlove,whichhelpstocreateaneffectofbeautyinthepoem.Thetempestoutside,isusedtoevenmoresignifytheisolationofthisman,toshowasharpcontrastbetweenthecalmnessinthechamberandthetempestuousnight.Thephrase“fromoutmyheart,“Poeclaims,isused,incombinationwiththeanswer"Nevermore,“toletthenarratorrealizethatheshouldnottrytoseekamoralinwhathasbeenpreviouslynarrated(Poe,1850).WordsPoehadanextensivevocabulary,whichisobvioustothereadersofbothhispoetryaswellashisfiction.Sometimesthismeantintroducingwordsthatwerenotcommonlyused.In"TheRaven,“theuseofancientandpoeticlanguageseemsappropriate,sincethepoemisaboutamanspendingmostofhistimewithbooksofforgottenlore.*Seraphim.,inthefourteenthverse,“perfumedbyanunseencenser/Swungbyseraphimwhosefoot-fallstinkled"isusedtoillustratetheswift,invisiblewayascentspreadsinaroom.Aseraphimisoneofthesix-wingedangelsstandinginthepresenceofGod.Nepenthe./fromthesameverse,isapotion,usedbyancientstoinduceforgetfulInesofpainorsorrow.'BalminGilead.wfromthefollowingverse,isasoothingointmentmadeinGilead,amountainousregionofPalestineeastoftheJordanriver.Aidenn,"fromthesixteenthverse,isanArabicwordforEdenorparadise.Plutonian,characteristicofPluto,thegodoftheunderworldinRomanmythology.ThePhilosphyofC(MsitionEdgarAllanPoewroteanessayonthecreationOf”TheRaven,“entitled"ThePhiIosophyofComposition.InthatessayPoedescribestheworkofcomposingthepoemasifitwereamathematicalproble