different-cultures阅读.docx

Whatleadstotheculturaldifcrec?TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguisheachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparatesystemsonthewhole.ThuoriginofIhceasterncul(ursismainlyfromIwocountries:ChinaandIndia.Bolhofthetwoculturesarcgcstatedbyrivers.InChina,themotherriveristheYellowRiverwhiletheIndianoneistheHinduRiver.ThesetwoculturesweredevelopedforseveralthousandyearsaiIbmicd(heirownstyles.TheninDangDynastyofChina,<heChineseculturegraduallywentoverseas(oJapan,mixedinto(heJapanesesocietyandshapedtheJapaneseculturenowadays.Thoughabitdifi'crcntfromtheChineseone.itbelongstothesamesystem.Wbenthewomotherriversgavehi11h(otheeasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasbugl11UPon(heMesopotamianPlain-(heMesopotamianCivilization.TliiscivilizationlaterondevelopedinlotheculturesoflheAncientGreeceandAncien(Rome.AndIhcsctwoarewell-knownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.1.iketheChineseculture,theEuropeanonealsocrossedwaters.WhenthecolonistsofEnglandsettleddowninAnwrica,theirculturewentwith(hemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn'tdistinguishfromtheEUroPeanoalot.Atthesametine.thedifferenceofthelanguagesystemsaddstotheculturaldilYcrcnccs.IntheEase,mostlanguagesbelong(othepictographiclanguage(see(hepicturehclow)whiletheWesternlanguagesaremostlybasedonthe1.<itinsystem,forexample,theonemusingtowrite(hispaper.Otherfactorslikehumanracedifferencecountsaswell.Butwhat'smore,duetothefardistanceandthescccpareasbetweenchcEastandWest,(hetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilNCeINcenturies.Sotheygrewup(otallyinheirownwayswithalmostnointerfencefrom(heolher.PictographkChamCICNParIIlHoxvdifferentlydopeoplebehaveindailylife?hcdiftcrcnccsarceverywhere.hcyafleetpeopledwaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.Evenineverydaylife,theculturaldifferencesshowupfromthemomenttheeyesarcopenedto(heminute(hedreamsareinvited.Inthefollowing.llgivesometypicalexampleofthedifferences.Section 1 GreetingGreetingisthefirststepIof>macullurxr.becausepeoplebegintoCornmunkalewilhlhers.Theindividualsbecomeacommunity.HowdoweChinesegreeteachother?Infbrnully.ifwemeetanfriendin(hesireec.Weareused(osay:fcbHi.haveyouhadyourmeal?*'or"Wherearcyougoing?*.WhenitistheCdSeoftwogentlemen,theytendtoshakehands.Howevei;in(hewesterncountries,(heabovequestionsarejusquestions,notgreetinga(all.Teymaythinkyou'reinvitingthemtodinnerifyouaskabouttheirmeals.Usually,they'lljustgiveeachotherasmileorgreetwitha*Hi.'*.They'llshakehandsonlyinsomeforma!situations.Bytheway.WesternerscanleaveapartyormeetinghallsWithOUlaformalconge,norshould(heyshakehandswitheveryaeleelikemostofuswilldohere.Section 2 ExpressinggratitudeThinkofthesitualinsbelow.Yurmo<herisbusyinthekitchen.ShesuddenlyasksyouIofetchabowiforher.Youdoso.What,llyourmother'sresponsebe?Probablyshc*lljustcontinuedoingthecooking.Attcrawhile,thedinnerisready.Yburmotherhandsyouyourbowlofrice.What'syo,response?Probablyjustbeginoeat.TharSwhatIwanttosay.InChinesefamilies,werarelysay'fcIliankyou'*tootherfamilymembersforreceivinghelporscr,icc.NeitherwillWCsaysobetweengoodfriends.Itssuchanunpopular,esponse(hatifyousayit.theco11erpartwillthinkj,oan?treatinghimasastranger.Olhcrwiseyouarclackingofintimacy.ButintheWest,*hankyou'*isoneofthemostfrequentlyusedsentences.Teacherswillthankastudentforansweringaquestion;husbandswillthankhiswifeforInakmgacofTee.However,asaninterestingphenomenon,it,sacustomtosay"thankyou,'inJapan.Nomatterinfamilyoramongfriends,Japanesechronicallyuseitalltheday.Thisisprobablytheaberranceof(heculture.Section 3 DiningThewayspeopleea,(hatis.(hetablemanner,reallydistinguishalot.Thereasonfor(hisisprobablybecauseofthedifferentdiningUwlsandmenus.Easternersusechopsticks,orsometimesevengraspriceStraightlywithhandsasIndiansdo.Thethinandlongchopstickscanno<beusedtocutfood,soWeusuallyuseourIeelh(oactasknives.Weholdourfood,mealorvegetable,with(hechopsticks,sendlhcnto(hemouths,bileoffapartofitandremaintheotherpartonthechopsticks.That,stheusualwaywecat.Wcarcalsousedtoholdupourbowlswhenhavingriceorsoup.Japaneseboldbowlstohavemisosoupwithoutspoons.BUlallthesehabitsareCOnSideredrudein(heWesterncountries.TheetiquetteintheWestrequeststhatwheneating.IxhvIsandplatesCanrHMleavethetables.Eoodshouldbecutbyknivestofitintothemouths.Ofcourseyourmouthcannottouchtheplatesorbowls.Sothevgularprocessislikethis.YouCUlyoursteakon(heplatewithfoilandknife,sendtheme&lcubeintothem>ulhwithforkandnolhingwillberelumedbackbut(hef>rkah>ne.Section 4 SymbolizingSymbolizationishowpeopleimagineorregardsomething.Itactuallyreflectsthewaypeoplethink.Herellonlydiscusssomesymbolizationthatfrequentlyappearsindailylite.Finitisaboutthecolors.WeoftengiveeachcolOrsomemeanings,becausewefeeldifferentlywhenfacingdifferentcolors.SopeoplealwayshavepreferencewhenchoosingCOIorSofclothes,decorations,de.IntheAPECsummitheldinShanghaiseveralyearsago.inthelastday,thep!sidentsfromallover(heworldwore(hetraditionalChineseCkingsuitsandtookaPho(Otogether.Thecolorsofthesuitswerechosenbythemselvesfrcvly.Ho