主语从句讲解和练习题.docx

高考英语主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之，主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和黑制引导主语从句的连接词有，从J1.建询：that,whthr1.词：who(whoever),whom,whose,What(WhateVer)和which(whichever)(连按副词：when,where,how和why.连接词：1.从J1.连询：that,whetherI)Ihat引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义,但不能省略.2)Whether意为.是否，放在句首句末皆可.由Whether引导的名词从句依主语，去语，介词宾语，同位语时！不行用if代普。a.ThatPnCewi1.1.goupiscertain.b.Whethertheywou1.dsupportuswasaprob1.em.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问即.2.连接代词who，what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,whato11Mf1.ever构成合成词,和What一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用.，此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担当成分,不能省略,谙序为I*述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分.Whichsidewi1.1.winisnotc1.ear.Whoeverbreaksthe1.awwi1.1.bepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whoki1.1.edthescientistremainsaquestion.I)What和that引导的主语从句的区分：that只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,没有意思.What不仅起引导作用，还要充当肯定成分(主语、宾语或我i用，意思是："什么IWhatweneedismoney.Teiscertain.2 )whatever/whoever的FH法(ever=nomatter让步状语从句中)WhateVerwhoever可以引导主谙从句,并在句中作主语、«iK,表语等,不含疑问意义.WhateVer相当干anythingthat;WhOeVer相当Tanyonewho.例如：Whoever(Anyonewho)wantstoenterintothisschoo1.musttaketheexam.WhateverfAnythingthat)shedidwasright.3 .连接副询Whenwhere,how.Why等.既行疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分.Howthishappenedisnotc1.eartoanyone.Whenhewi1.1.bebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe'1.1.starttomoowwi1.1.beto1.dsoon.Werethetestwi1.1.begivenisnotyetdecided.4 .主语从句后置：为了避开主语冗长,句子头里脚轻,常常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的七i11.例：Thatwesha1.1.be1.ateiscertain.-Itscertainthatwesha1.1.be1.ate.1)用it作形式主语的形构A. It+be+形容词that从句(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderfu1.,funny,possib1.e,1.ike1.y,rtain.probab1.e,etc.)1.:Itiscertainthatshewi1.1.dowe1.1.inherexam.B. Itbe+名词词Ifi+that从句(anhonour,afact,apity,etc)如：Itisatyshamethat.缺燃的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊异的是Itisafactthat.是事实Itiscommonknow1.edgethat是常识H'sapitythatwecan'tgo.C. It+be+j±3+that从句(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc.)如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasaivedinBejing.D. It+不及W词J语+that从句(seem,happen,doesn,tmatter.turnout)。如：IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesn'eornot.2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以运用形式主语代土语从句,也可干脆在句首运用土语从句:a.Whethertheywou1.dsupportuswasaprob1.em,b.Itwasaprob1.emwhethertheywou1.dsupportus.3)主语从句中的否定前移当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。例如：Itdoesn'tseemthattheyarefromthesameuniversity.Itdoesn'tappearthatwe'1.1.haveasunnydaytomorrow.5. n：D主语从句在句首时，必需由连接词引导，不能省略这此连接词.误：Theyshou1.d1.ikeeachotherisnatura1.正：Thattheyshou1.d1.ikeeachotherisnatura1.2)在It+be+sggestdadvisdordrcUrequSt<1.InsIsteciZrequIred,1.,1that从句的谓语也应当用-shou1.d+动词原形"的形式,shou1.d有时可以省略.主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的涧语动词用第三人称单效.Itissuggestedthatwe(shou1.d)dotheexperimentasecondtime.3) .用于Itisimportant>'natura1.inecessaryiimpossib1.etha1.句里中，E谙从句应运用虚拟店气，用"shou1.d+动词原形"的形大，shou1.d有时可以省略，Itisimportantandnecessarythatwe(shou1.d)keeptheba1.anceofnature.4) “WhatF1.导主语从句时,词语动词：常及其后的名词作表语一样，且依据句子的语境而定，eg：Whatyou1.eftareon1.ysevera1.o1.dbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.5)在Hisfunny,strange,surprising,api1.y,ashame,nowonder,etc.+that从句中，有时谓语部分用shou1.d+动词原形，来衣达说话者的超情色调，此时ShoUId也可省略,6)语气,Itbe+adjn.+hatc1.ause"及强调句型均有Itbe.that之类的谙=标记旭不同的是:前拧中的that从句是主语从句.若删抻其中的Itbe和tha,则划余部分不论结构还是语意拙不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的Itbe和that去抻*1剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.强调句型译为汉语时可加上"正是'成"就是"之类的字眼,而主语从句则不行以.ItissurprisingthatMaryshou1.dhavewonfirs1.p1.ace.令人惊异的是川莉竟然获存了第一名.ItisMarythathaswonfirstp1.ace.正是玛莉褥了第一名.【强闻】6“主语从句的规律：例1.Whenwi1.1.hecomeisnotknown.1E：Weisnotknown.短律一、主语从句一体用陈述语序，即主语在黄，谓语在后.例2.Hewi1.1.notcometothemeeingthtseveningistrue.正：Thathewi1.1.notmetothemeetingthiseveningistrue.规律二、连词that在从句中无实际1：义，但不18省略.例3.Ifthemeetingwi1.1.beputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.正：Whetherthemeetingwi1.1.beputOffhaSnotbeendecidedyet.规律三、whether可以引导主语从句，放在句,但if不能例4.Thatwhetherhewi1.1.he1.pOthersisafact.正:Thathewi1.1.he1.pothersisafact.短裤四、主语从句中的连词不能工受运用.例5.Weareapuzz1.e.正；Weisapuzz1.e.规律五、含主语从句的主句词语动词多用单数第三人称形式1 .Whaiheneedsisthatbook.2.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.短律六、what引导的主语从句，可依据表语确定主句动词的单震数形式，规律七、主语从句为了避开头弊轻现象，用H做形式主语.而把从句放在后面.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoa1.1.Itsknowntoa1.1.thattheearthturnsaroundthesun.1 .what/thata.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b.heturnedupatthemeetingsurprisedus.2 .if/whetheryougoorstayathomewon'tmakeanydiHerences.3 .Whatapityisyoudidn'tarrivebyday1.ight.A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he.whenD.that,for4 .nomatterhowwhoWhaVWhere，'WhenWearereadytodothecountrywantsustodo.A.watB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whatever5.1 tisapitythatyou(shou1.d)misssuchagoodchance.hemadeanimportantspeechatIhemeetingwastre.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How6. we'1.1.gocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A1.fBWhetherCThatDWhere7. isknowntousa1.1.isthatAmericaisadeve1.opedcountry.AWhichBAsCWhatDIt8. Ifsknowntousa1.1.aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto9. Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.watD.when10. WhatIsayandthinknoneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDh