【电商行业市场报告】联合国贸易发展委员会-商业电子商务销售和在线平台的作用（英）-2024.docx

UNITEDNATIONSCONFERENCEONTRADEANDDEVE1.OPMENTSummaryThistechnica1.tepresentsthe1.atestStattS1.)CSotheva1.ueofecommercesatesbybusnesses.Itbenefitsfromanotab1.eincreaseinavaitaitybroughtaboutbythere1.ease,byEurostat,offiguresformanyEUandpartnercountries.In2021.approachingUS$25trionofe-commercesa1.esv/eregeneratedbybusinessesacross43deve1.opedanddeve1.opingeconomicsacuntingforaroundthreequartersofWOrIdWideGDP.Thisrepresentsa15percentincreaseoverpre-pa11demic(2019)1.eve1.sandsa1.esareestimatedhaverisenafurther10percent-toa1.most$27tri1.1.ionin2022Theshareo4businessturnovergeneratedthroughe-mmercevariesv/ide1.yintheeconomiesana1.ysed,from1.essthanonepercenttoasmuchas30percentIna1.11jsta1.1.cases,themajontyofe-commercesa1.esbybusinessesaremadetootherbusinessesororganizations.Inmost,theshareofbusinesstooonsumersa1.ess1.essthanaquarter.Whiedeve<opinge11omisgeneratearound40percentofg1.oba1.GDP.theirsharerbusinessecommercesa1.esisns>derab1.y1.ower.Thebu1.kof-mmercesa1.esacrossthese43deve1.opedanddeve1.opingeconomies,whicha1.soaccountforarodthreequa11ersofexportsg1.oba1.1.y,crbetweenbuyersandse1.1.ersresidentinthesameenocnicterritory.Experimenta1.estimatesi11dca¾ethatdigita1.1.yorderedexports(i.e.internationa1.e-commercesa1.es)fromtheseeconomieswereM>rtharound$2,5tri1.1.ionin2021.Thisequatestoaround13percentoftota1.exportsofgoodsandservices.However,asthereis1.imiteddataondigita1.1.yorderedtrade,thisestimatetsre1.ative1.yuncertain.Statisticsonon1.ineretai1.sa1.es,asubsetofbusiness-to-consumere-commerce.sharetheSamepatternofrapidgrowththatwasbstedduringthepandemic.Thisgrowthmoderatedsomewhatin2023asPandem)Crestrictionsanddisruptionsabated.China,theUnitedKingdom,andtheRepub1.icofKoreastandou1.forhavingmarked1.yhigheron1.ineretai1.sa1.esthanothere11omis.ataround25to30percentofa1.1.retadsa1.es.TheUnitedStatesfo1.1.owsataround15percentwhi1.ethetjkofeconomiesfa1.1.inarangeofrough1.y5-10percent.DigrtaJintermediaryPiatfofmS(DIPs)arekeyp1.ayersinthee-mmerce1.andscape.Theva1.ueoftransactionsthrough37majorDIPsincreasedbyover55percentduringthePandemCTheTaskGrouponMeasuringE-mmerceVa1.ue(TGeCOM),convenedbyUNTradeandDeve1.opment,bnngstogethervariouscountriesveredinthisreport,aswe1.1.asinternationa1.organizations,todeve1.opinternationa1.1.yagreedguide1.inesandremmendatk>nsthatcanserveasabasisforcapacitybui1.dingandtechnica1.assistancetoimprovetheavai1.abi1.ityandcomparabi1.ityofstatisticsone-commerce.1.E-commerceisanincreasing1.yimportantsa1.eschanne1.forbusinessesE-commerceisdefinedasUthesa1.eorpurchaseofgoodsorservices,conductedovercomputernetworksbymethodsspecifica1.1.ydesignedforthepurposeofreceivingOrp1.acingoforders".Se1.1.ingovertheInternetisincreasing1.yImportaNtordoingbusiness.Today,manyenterprisesare,bomd>gita,se1.1.ingon1.ineon1.y,whi1.eothersmixincreasingon1.inesa1.eswithtakingordersbyothermeans,notab1.yoverthephoneorinperson.Forsuccessfu1.on1.inese1.1.ers,keybenefitsinc1.udetheabi1.itytoreachnewcustomersdomestica1.1.yandabroad,inawaythatisre1.ative1.y1.owstandnvenientforbothbuyersandse1.1.ers.On1.ineOnNbusinessescana1.soavoidthecostsofoperatingcustomer-facingsa1.espremisesE-commerceisdefinedas"thesa1.eorpurchaseofgoodsorservices,conductedovercomputernetworksbymeihodsspec4ica1./des>gnedforthepurposeofreceivingorp1.acingOforders"<0ECD,2009),Furthermore.Ihegoodsorservicesareorderedbythosemethods,butthepaymentandtheu1.timatede1.iveryofthegoodsorSeMCeSdonothavetobenck>ctedonne*(OECD.2009).Whi1.ee-commerceorderingisoftenaccompaniedbyon1.inepayment,thisisnotadefiningfeatureofit;ordersp1.acedohebutpaidforonde1.ivery,on1.1.ectk).oratanyothertime,bycard,cash,ranyothermeansa1.1.untase-mmercetransactions.Anygoodorservicecanbeorderedviae-commerce.andsoe-commerceisnota*sectoitsownright,butcutsacrossa1.1.industriesandProdUCIs.Additiona1.1.y,'ane-commercetransactioncanbebehveenenterprises,househoids,individuais.Governments,andotherpub1.icorprivateorganizatfons"(OECD,2009).Neverthe1.ess,both,Measuringtheva1.ueofecommerce-(UNCTAD.2023)andtheHandboOkonMeasuringDigita1.Trade(IMF.OECD.UNCTAD,andWTO.2023)emphasizethecentra1.ro1.eofbusinessesinthee-commerce1.andscape.Theya1.sohighfghtthe1.imitedavai1.abi1.ityosat<siicsasakeybarriertounderstandingthetrueextentoftheenomicro1.eofe-commerceanddigita1.1.yorderedtradeinfacfitatingthepagandreceivingofordersbetweenbusinessesandtheircustomers.AsWeHassa1.esoverIbeIneemei.thsind!esordersp1.acedoetP小a，enetworks,知5asthoseusedtomanapeSU卬夕chansincertaini11ds1.nes.Itexc1.udesordersp1.acedbyphonetaxormanua1.1.ytypedematsbecausethoughthesemaybemadeoverthe1.11½<ne!,theyarenotMamethodsSpeCAcMydasignedkxthep1.acingandroc。Mngoforders.Figure1E-Commercesa1.esbybusinesses,2016-2022Businessesin43deve1.opedanddeve1.opingeconomiesgeneratingaroundthreequartersofg1.oba1.GDPUSStri1.1.ionsPhi1.ippinesIndonesiaHoogKong.ChinaOtherEuropeThai1.andMa1.aysiaSingapore(sefviceson1.y)CanadaAustra1.ia