ISO 04410-2023.docx

INTERNATIONA1.STANDARDISO4410editionFirst2023-07Testmethodsfortheexperimenta1.characterizationofin-p1.anepermeabi1.ityoffibrousreinforcementsfor1.iquidcompositemou1.dingMethodesdfessaispourIaCaracterisationexperimenta1.edeIapermeabi1.itydansIep1.andesrenfortsfibreuxpourIemou1.agedecompositesIiquides©ISO2023COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT©ISO2023IUirhM*hedbdi1.iUedotherwiseupdhi.o啪InyM1.tta0Dmk<nroni(ncm11ni10tf1.*Mqn1.C6pW11opypMRationmaytheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanberequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbe1.oworISO'smemberbodyinthecountr)oftherequester.f),WV>fifiU81.andonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone：M1.22749O1.11觥ftte:丽丽BQrgPub1.ishedinSwitzer1.and©ISO2023-A1.1.rightsreservedIntroduction1.iquidcompositemnu1.ding(1.CM)processesareemp1.oyedforthemanufactureoffibrereinforcedMMmerreSinayMPnSjghHRB(JhG1.to3MfoHom11ifesses,rtok说tffenmpr嘀由vmentarth1.impwroateNUihirhthefibresareembedded.Impregnationisdrivenbypositiveapp1.iedpressureand/orvacuum.1.CMiswide1.yapp1.iedforthemanufactureOf1.ightWeightcomponentsintheautomotive,aerospace,marine,andenergy(e.g.b1.adesforwindturbines)industries.ToobtainshortCydetimesandhighcomponentqua1.ityin1.CM1i.e.fastandcomp1.etesaturationofthereinforcementwith1.iquidresin,asuitab1.eprocessdesignisrequired,basedonknow1.edgeofmateria1.艇佻,HiD9W8做建杷mHdIheP的ft帏瞳出他栉阿视!心怕rtd1.曲曲ep丐莫时国班为ffibrousstructures,suchasreinforcements,isgenera1.1.ydirection-dependentandisdescribedbyasymmetricsecond-ordertensor.Diagona1.isationofthetensor1.eadstothreeprincipa1.permeabi1.ities,whichcorrespondpermeabi1.ity.tothef1.oworienteda1.ongthreeorthogona1.axes,twoofwhichdescribethein-p1.aneThisdocumentfocusesontheexperimenta1.characterizationofunsaturatedinp1.ancpermeabi1.ity务dr4随沌限辐箭HSmayfora展削擀四郎那曲11f1.i戚格班腋制取包曲ff!H)gica网厚妊%aticexperimenta1.methods,thisdocumentcoversthetwomostcommonapproaches,1.inearandradia1.f1.owexperiments.Systematicerrorsinherenttothesemethodsareminimizedbydistinctproceduresfor密昂和ing侧用6S曲H“MnoWd低阳裨槛也乘格曲Cn3做E吊死8盘麻斜他斜网Vi6f1.sm<三fi1.properties,particu1.ar1.yinhomogeneousarea1.weightandthus,fibrevo1.umetractionofthereinforcingmateria1.s.Thisdocumentcoverswe1.1.knownstatistica1.methods,suchasmu1.tip1.eexperimentsatrepetitiveconditions,inordertoestimatetheuncertaintyassociatedwiththeresu1.ts.Forcorrectdataana1.ysisandreporting,especia1.1.yoftheorientationang1.e®oftheprincipa1.f1.ow11.7 Sensorequipment/Dataacquisition11.7.1 F1.uidf1.owfrontmonitoringspatia1.instances.usingPointmeaSUremenItheSeShanShaI1.eitherp1.aceda1.ongcont1.nuous1.y,1.eastfordirectionsre1.ativetheminimumofdirectiondirectionsmonitored,thesedirectionsshou1.dbeO°,9Ooand225°<iistortionreinforcement<1.etectedandquantifiedtobyninimizemeasurementerrortiansparentsurface.The1.ens11.7.2Samp1.ingofIneasurenientdatatemperatureandpressure(in1.et)sha1.1.becapredatexact1.ythetimeswhenf1.owfrontmeasurement11.8 Dataprocessing11.8.1 Dataeva1.uationrangeTheminimumdistanceintermsoftheinjectiongateradiusisindicatedinFigure13(see11.2).11.8.2 DatasegmentationStartingcharacteristicsexperiinentinjectionschematica1.1.yreadingsFiguredistinctpressurebui1.d-upandthetc<xaJisthetota1.experimenttime.Figure16-Typica1.characteristicsoff1.uidinjectionpressuredirection,there1.ativeang1.ebc1.w4MuUhereferencedirectionofthemou1.dandthedefinedreferencedirectionofthemateria1.(seeFigure2)shou1.dbeknownatanytime.Thef1.owfrontpositionsha1.1.bemeasuredeitherbyoptica1.photography,capacitive1.inesensorsorpointsensors.IfFIowfrontsensors,bemadebeeitherquasi1.inesator3at1.east9originatingfromthecentra1.in1.etorsha1.1.bewe1.1.-distributedacrossthemou1.d.Ifon1.ytothereferencethreeofthespecimen.Whenapp1.yingvisua1.observation,thecamerashou1.dbepositionedtopointasperpendicu1.artotheinp1.anecanbesurfaceaspossib1.e,p1.acinggraphpaperonthefromob1.iqueang1.es.F1.owfrontmeasurementsha1.1.bemadeeitherquasicontinuous1.y,orforat1.east9spatia1.instances.F1.uidtakesp1.ace.Aminimumdistanceneedstobecoveredbythepropagatingf1.owfrontbeforedatacanIwaquired.Forthedataprocessingproceduretoapp1.y,constantf1.uidinjectionpressureisassumed.However,typica1.stageofoff1.uidaspressureshownshowa16.Here,theaxesshowinpressureandtime,wherePeftisthetime-averagedpressuredrop,sepisthetimeofseparationandThedatafromthisstartingstagesha1.1.bee1.iminatedpriortothesubsequentprocessingsteps.Forthispurpose,tstwptu=sha1.1.bechosenwith:OO1<<5,Datasegmentationsha1.1.be<©ISO2023-A1.1.rightsreservedNOTEofthethesource,theactua1.theintocombinedthesubsequentmode1.isgenera1.,i.e.routinevariesaccordingtothesourceandthestatistica1.natureofthedata:neg1.igib1.euncertaintyinthecorrespondingtimedata;b) for1.inearcapacitivesensors,theuncertaintyisassociatedwiththesaturation1.ength,whichcanbeseenastheradia1.sma1.1.po1.arc) thedatade