大学英语四级常见语法错误.ppt
一一.正确使用主语正确使用主语 1.汉语句首无主语，可用汉语句首无主语，可用“there be 句型句型 e.g.书店今天特价书店今天特价 The bookstore is on sale today.() There is a sale in the bookstore today.()2.动词原形不能作主语；用动名词或动名词短语动词原形不能作主语；用动名词或动名词短语作主语。作主语。e.g.多听多看是学习英语的好办法。多听多看是学习英语的好办法。More listen and read is a good way to learn English.Doing more listening and reading is a good way to learn English.3.谈到时间和天气时，要用谈到时间和天气时，要用it作主语。作主语。e.g.我回来的时候天黑了。我回来的时候天黑了。The weather was dark when I came back.It was already dark when I came back. 4.句子不能作主语，要用中心词带同位语从句子不能作主语，要用中心词带同位语从句作主语句作主语 e.g.你对他不了解，这使你产生误会。你对他不了解，这使你产生误会。 You dont know him makes you misunderstand him. The fact that you dont know him makes you misunderstand him. 5.主语如有修饰成分，则该成分要作定语或主语如有修饰成分，则该成分要作定语或是定语从句。是定语从句。 e.g.刚刚你看到的那个人是我的朋友。刚刚你看到的那个人是我的朋友。 Just now you saw a man is my friend. The man you saw just now is my friend.二二.正确使用谓语正确使用谓语 1.动词才能作谓语，非动词不可以。动词才能作谓语，非动词不可以。 e.g.除非政府采取有效措施，否则交通状况除非政府采取有效措施，否则交通状况将越来越糟。将越来越糟。 Unless our government takes effectivemeasures, the traffic condition will worse and worse. Unless our government takes effectivemeasures, the traffic condition will become worse and worse.2.系动词用法系动词用法e.g.一听到消息，她的脸就红了。一听到消息，她的脸就红了。The moment she heard the news ,her face red.The moment she heard the news ,her face turned red.3.谓语动词的位置。谓语动词的位置。e.g.你能否告诉我如何才能借阅图书馆的书吗？你能否告诉我如何才能借阅图书馆的书吗？Can you tell me how can I access to the library?Can you tell me how I can access to the library? 4.谓语动词需要体现不同的时态和语态。谓语动词需要体现不同的时态和语态。 e.g.我到图书馆的时候书已经被拿走了。我到图书馆的时候书已经被拿走了。 The book was taken away when I arrived at the library. The book had been taken away when I arrived at the library. 5.不规则动词的误用。不规则动词的误用。 e.g.政府已制定一些规章来制止这种做法。政府已制定一些规章来制止这种做法。 The government has lain down regulations to prevent this practice. The government has laid down regulations to prevent this practice 6.一个句子只能有一个谓语，其他动词只能一个句子只能有一个谓语，其他动词只能以非谓语动词形式出现。以非谓语动词形式出现。 e.g.与西方国家相比，中国还有很多不足之与西方国家相比，中国还有很多不足之处。处。 Compare with western countries, China still has many disadvantages. Compared with western countries, China still has many disadvantages.
