操作系统术语.ppt

Access MethodAddress SpaceAddress TranslatorApplication Programming Interface(API)Asynchronous OperationBacteriaBase AddressBatch ProcessingBeowulfBinary SemaphoreBlockBusy WaitingCache MemoryChained ListClientClusterCommunications ArchitectureCompactionConcurrentConsumable ResourceCritical SectionDatabaseDeadlockDeadlock AvoidanceDeadlock DetectionDeadlock PreventionDemand PagingDevice DriverDirect AccessDirect Memory Address（DMA）Disabled InterruptDisk Allocation TableDisk CacheDispatchDistributed Operation SystemDynamic RelocationEnabled InterruptEncryptionExecution ContextExternal FragmentationFieldFileFile Allocation TableFile Management SystemFile OrganizationFirst In First OutFrameGang SchedulingHash FileHit RatioHashingIndexed AccessIndexed FileIndexed Sequential AccessInterrupt HandlerIndexed Sequential FileInternal FragmentationInterruptJobJob Control LanguageKernelLast In First OutLivelockLogical RecordLightweight ProcessLogical AddressMacroKernelMailboxMain MemoryMalicious SoftwareMemory PartitioningMessageMicrokernelMode SwitchMonitorMonolithic KernelMultilevel SecurityMultiprocessingMultiprocessorMultiprogrammingMultiprogramming LevelMultitaskingMutual ExclusionNetwork Operating SystemNonprivileged StateNonuniform Memory Access(NUMA) MultiprocessorObject Request BrokerOpen Systems Interconnection(OSI) Reference ModelOperating SystemPagePage FaultPage FramePagingPhysical AddressPipePreemptionPrepagingPricileged InstructionPricileged StateProcessProcess Control BlockProcess DescriptorProcess ImageProcess MigrationProcess SpawningProcess StateProcess SwithProtocol Data UnitRace ConditionReal-Time SystemReal-Time TaskRecordPeentrant ProcedureRelative AddressRemote Procedure Call(RPC)RendezvousResident SetResponse TimeReusable ResourceRound RobinSecondary MemoryScheduleSegmentSegmentationSemaphoreSequential AccessSequential FileServerSessionShellSpin LockSpoolingStackStarvationStrong SemaphoreSwappingSymmetric Multiprocessing(SMP)Synchronous OperationSynchronizationTaskThrashingThreadThread SwitchTime SharingTime SlicingTranslation Lookaside Buffre(TLB)TrapTrap DoorTrojan HorseTrusted SystemVirtual AddressVirtual StorageVirusWeak SemaphoreWorking SetWorm Livelock（活锁）一种条件，两个或多个进程不断地改变他们的状态，来响应被的进程的变化，除此之外不做任何有用的工作。这类似于死锁中谁也不能继续进行的情况，但不同的是，没有任何一个进程被阻塞或等待什么的发生。Logical Address （逻辑地址） 关于存储器单元的引用与当前分配给数据的存储空间无关。在实现存储访问之前必须转换成物理地址。Logical Record （逻辑记录）与物理环境无关的记录。一个逻辑记录的各个部分可能在不同的物理记录中，或者在多个逻辑记录中，或者是某个物理记录中所有逻辑记录的一部分。