专升本英语辅导讲座04.ppt
第四讲第四讲 形容词形容词4.1 形容词在名词短语中的位置形容词在名词短语中的位置4.2 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成形式形容词的比较级和最高级的构成形式4.3 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法形容词的比较级和最高级的用法4.4 interesting or interested?p前置修饰名词前置修饰名词p单个形容词作定语修饰名词：单个形容词作定语修饰名词： 限定词限定词+形容词形容词+名词名词 *作不定代词的定语时要后置作不定代词的定语时要后置p多个形容词修饰名词：多个形容词修饰名词：观点形容词观点形容词描绘形容词描绘形容词主观上的看法主观上的看法尺寸尺寸大小大小形状形状新旧新旧颜色颜色国籍、国籍、出处出处质地、质地、材料材料用途用途good, lovely,good, lovely, beautiful, beautiful, comfortablecomfortablelarge, large, bigbigsmallsmalllonglongwidewideroundroundsquaresquarenewnewoldoldancientancientwhitewhiteredredyellowyellowChinese,Chinese, AmericanAmericanwoodwoodstonestonegoldgolddrinkingdrinkingp后置修饰名词：形容词短语修饰名词时后置后置修饰名词：形容词短语修饰名词时后置p“形容词形容词+补足语补足语”构成的形容词短语构成的形容词短语p形容词形容词+介词短语介词短语a jacket similar to yoursp形容词形容词+不定式短语不定式短语 boys brave enough to fight for their countryp形容词形容词+动名词短语动名词短语a waiter busy serving the guestsp多个形容词并列构成的形容词短语多个形容词并列构成的形容词短语(逗号分隔逗号分隔) All countries, large or small, should be equal. She bought a dress, simple and beautiful.p单音节词单音节词p一般直接在词尾加一般直接在词尾加-er, -estp以以e结尾的词，直接在词尾加结尾的词，直接在词尾加-r, -stp以以y结尾的词，变结尾的词，变y为为i，加，加-er, -estp重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母，加重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母，加-er, -estp双音节词双音节词p以以y结尾的词，变结尾的词，变y为为i，加，加-er, -est(区分区分slowly与与early)p其它绝大多数双音节词，前加其它绝大多数双音节词，前加more, mostp少数双音节词，以上两种方法皆可少数双音节词，以上两种方法皆可Common, cruel, friendly, funny, handsome, mature, noisy, pleasant, polite, quiet, stupid, tired; hollow, narrow, shallow, clever, tender, feeble, gentle, noblep多音节词，前加多音节词，前加more, mostp特殊变化特殊变化p farther, farthest/ further, furthest 四个词都可以指实际距离，四个词都可以指实际距离，further, furthest可用于抽象意义，可用于抽象意义，表示表示“进一步的，更多的进一步的，更多的”与抽象名词连用与抽象名词连用p older, oldest/ elder, eldest elder, eldest表示家庭成员的长幼关系，不指年龄大小；在有表示家庭成员的长幼关系，不指年龄大小；在有than的句子里要用的句子里要用olderp later, latter, latest, lastplater表示时间上较迟的表示时间上较迟的platter表示顺序上的后者，与表示顺序上的后者，与former相对相对platest指新近的事物指新近的事物plast上一个；最后一个上一个；最后一个pabsolute, alone, dead, empty, equal, eternal, final, horizontal, perfect, primary, pregnant, round, single, square, straight, supreme, unique, unanimousp可用可用nearly, almost, the most closely和和more nearly修饰修饰形容词比较级的用法形容词比较级的用法pthan 的比较级句型的比较级句型p比较级与比较级与thepmore and more句型句型p可以修饰比较级的词可以修饰比较级的词p否定意义的词否定意义的词+比较级比较级pA+比较级比较级+than+B (AB是两个同类的彼此独立的人或事物是两个同类的彼此独立的人或事物)pA+比较级比较级+情形情形1+than+情形情形2 （某一事物自身相比）（某一事物自身相比） He did much better in the finals this term than last term.p若被比较的对象不是彼此独立的人或事物，而若被比较的对象不是彼此独立的人或事物，而是具有是具有“一事物包含另一事物一事物包含另一事物”，要用，要用other或或else She works harder than any other student in her class.p比较级前一般不需加定冠词比较级前一般不需加定冠词the,但在有介但在有介词短语词短语of the two出现在比较级句中时，前出现在比较级句中时，前面必须加面必须加thepI think this painting is the more interesting of the two.p比较比较I think this painting is more interesting than that one.p不可用在单音节词前不可用在单音节词前p不能重复使用形容词或副词不能重复使用形容词或副词pThe city is becoming more and more beautiful.pThat cat is getting fatter and fatter.pa bit, a little bit, a little, a lot, a great deal, any, even, far, by far(还可用在最还可用在最高级前高级前), much, very much, no , rather, still, slightlypAre you feeling any better?pThings are no better than before.pHe makes far fewer mistakes in spelling than before.p表示最高级表示最高级p nothing, few, never, notpHow have you been? It couldnt be worse.pFew are better qualified for the job than he is.pI have never heard a better song.p the+最高级最高级+in+地方地方p the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级+in+地方地方p the+形容词形容词/副词的最高级副词的最高级+of+所属范围所属范围Some zoologists regard crows the most intelligent of birds.pmost用在形容词前表示用在形容词前表示“非常，很非常，很”，相，相当于当于very, very much时，前面不加时，前面不加theThis is a most difficult problem.p -ing形容词主要是用来描述引起人某种感觉的事物，主语常为形容词主要是用来描述引起人某种感觉的事物，主语常为物或用来修饰物（为人时指这个人能够引起某种情绪）物或用来修饰物（为人时指这个人能够引起某种情绪）p -ed形容词主要是用来描述人的感觉，表示形容词主要是用来描述人的感觉，表示“人对事物产生某人对事物产生某种感觉种感觉”，主语常为人或用来修饰人（也可修饰物，看逻辑，主语常为人或用来修饰人（也可修饰物，看逻辑关系）关系）pThe book is interesting.pHe is interested in the book.pHe is interesting to listen to.pTom had a frightening look on his face.pTom had a frightened look on his face.pThe boy said to his mother in an injured voice that she shouldt have blamed him.
