叉车环境里的行人安全要点中英双语版.docx

Forkliftsareveryusefultools.They,remostcommoninwarehousingandstoragefacilities,buttheycanbeusedinanyindustrythatrequiresthemovementofheavymaterials.Unfortunately,forkliftaccidentsarealsocommon.叉车是非常有用的工具。被广泛地应用于仓库和存储设施，用来搬运很重的货物。很不幸叉车事故也经常发生。Forkliftaccidentsareparticularlydangeroustopedestrians.Pedestrianssuffer26%ofallforklift-relatedinjuriesinU.S.workplaces.Manyoftheseinjuriesareseriousorfatal.Pedestrianscanbestruckorcrushedbyforklifts,hitbyobjectsfallingfromaforklift,orfalloffaforklifttheyareridingon.Pedestrianswhoarenottrainedtowatchoutforforkliftsorwhodon,tcomplywithworkplacesafetypolicieshaveanincreasedriskofbeingstruckbyforklifts.However,mostforkliftaccidentsarepreventablewhenpedestriansfollowsafepracticesintheworkplace.叉车事故对于行人特别危险。美国有26%的叉车事故伴有行人的伤害，许多是重伤甚至是死亡事故。行人可能被叉车撞击，或者高空货物坠落，可能砸伤驾乘叉车的人员。行人未经培训，不能关注周边的叉车或者不遵守安全规则，也增加了事故。无论如何大部分事故都可以是避免的，只要人们遵守安全规则。UnderstandtheHazard理解安全风险Pedestriansmustunderstandthehazardsthatcomewithworkingaroundforklifts.Forkliftstipovereasilyandcannotbrakequickly.Theforks,mast,andcagecanreducevisibility.Tallorbulkyloadscanseverelyrestrictvisibilityaswell.Forkliftsareloudmachines,andinnoisyworkplaces,itishardforoperatorsandpedestrianstohearoneanother.Whenforkliftsareturningtheyareespeciallydangerous.Thesharpertheturn,thewidertheanglethebackoftheforkliftcantake,anditcanswingoutandhitpedestrians.Eachofthesefactorscontributestotheriskofinjury,butuntrainedforkliftoperatorscanalsocauseaccidents.Speaktoyoursupervisorifyouseeforkliftoperatorsactinginanunsafemanner.行人必须理解伴随叉车的安全风险。叉车很容易翻车或者不能及时刹车。货叉、门架或吊笼等都可能影响视线。超高货物和大件物体都可能遮挡视线。尽管叉车是个噪音设备，但是当在吵闹的环境里，行人和操作员很难听到对方。当叉车转弯时是特别危险。一个大角度急转弯，可能导致很大的作用力，叉车晃动，很容易撞击到行人。每个因素都可能增加风险，但是未经培训/无资格人员操作叉车也会导致事故。请报告主管不安全的操作行为。UsePedestrianWalkways使用人行道Someworkplaceshavedesignatedwalkwaysforpedestrians.Pedestrianwalkwaysmayhavepermanentrailingsorotherbarrierstokeeppedestriansfromenteringforkliftpaths.Ifapermanentbarriercan,tbeputinplace,thereshouldbestripespaintedonthegroundtoshowwherepedestriansshouldwalk.Inareaswherepedestriansandforkliftshavetotravelthesamepaths,theremustbeenoughspaceforpedestrianstowalksafely.Ifthereisnotenoughroom,itmustbeclosedofftopedestrianswhileforkliftsareinuse.Keepaislesandpassagewaysclean.Ifobstructionsoccupypedestrianpaths,peoplemaywalkinthepathofforklifts.Removematerialsanddebrisfromwalkwaysimmediately,orspeaktoasupervisorifyoucan,tremovethemyourself.有些工作场所设置了人行道。人行道应是一个固定轨迹或使用栅栏，防止行人进入车行道。当无法布置栅栏时，应该在地面上用彩色长条，引导行人走入正确的道路。保持道路整洁。当道路被货物或废物占用时，应立即清理，否则行人可能进入车行道。如果自己不能清理，应立刻报告主管。StayClear保持警惕Itisimportanttoremainoutofthewayofamovingforklift.Herearesomepracticestostayclearofforkliftsatwork: Donotapproachamovingforklift Ifyoumustapproachaforklift,approachitfromthesideAFTERithasstopped Keepyourfeetclearoftheforklift Moveawayfromtheforkliftbeforetheoperatormovesit,donotwaitfortheforklifttomoveawayfromyou Standclearofaforkliftwhileit,sturning给行驶中的叉车让路，这个很重要。有以下的一些实践：不要靠近移动的叉车如果必须靠近叉车，一定要叉车停止后。让自己的脚远离叉车。在叉车启动前离开叉车，不要等到叉车启动。与转弯的叉车保持足够的距离。CommunicatewithOperators与操作员沟通Ifyoucan,tseeaforkliftoperator,theyprobablycan,tseeyou.Communicationiskeytoyoursafety.Tocommunicatewithforkliftoperators: Informthemthatyou,llbeenteringtheforkliftarea Beforeenteringtheforkliftlane,stop,lookbothways,andmakeeyecontactwiththeoperator Proceedthroughtheareaonlywhentheoperatorsignalsthattheyseeyou如果你看不到操作员，可能他们也看不到你。保持沟通对你的安全很关键。与操作员沟通的内容：通知他们，你即将进入作业区在进入前，先停下来观察，确保与操作员有眼神接触只有等到操作员的清楚的信号后，确认他看到了你，才能继续前进。ObeyWorkplaceTrafficRules遵守交通规则Trafficrulesapplytopedestriansaswellasforklifts.Makesureyouonlywalkinpedestrianlanes.Inareaswithnodesignatedtravellanes,staytoonesidetoallowroomforforkliftstopass.Forkliftsaresupposedtoyieldtopedestrians,buttheymaynotbeabletoseeyouorstopquickly,soalwaysyieldtoforkliftsunlessyouhavemadeeyecontactwiththeoperatorandtheyhavegivenyouthesignaltogo.Beforeenteringtrafficareas,stop,listen,andlookbothwaystomakesureaforkliftisn,tcomingtowardsyou.交通规则适用于行人和叉车。确保自己在人行道行走。如果没有清晰的人行道，应该保持距离让叉车先通过。照理叉车应该礼让行人，但是他们可能没有看到你，或不能及时刹车，所以一定要让叉车先通过，除非你与叉车操作员有眼神交流确认。进入作业区前，先停下来，仔细听和观察，确保没有与你冲突的叉车接近。FollowBasicSafetyProcedures遵守基本安全规则Considerwearinghighlyvisibleprotectiveequipmenttomakeiteasierforforkliftoperatorstoseeyou.Avoiddistractionswhenwalkingintoforklifttrafficareas.Neverrideonforkliftsunlessyou,reauthorizedandhaveasafeplacetoride,andneverpassunderanelevatedload.Stayoutofthepaththattheloadcanfall.Evenifaforkliftstops,itsloadmaynot.Don,ttakeshortcutsbetweenstackedmaterials,andneverclimboverguardrails.Yourworkplacemayhaveinstalledcontrolstoensuresafetysuchasconvexmirrors,speedlimits,orextralightingfordimareas.Usethesetoyouradvantagetotravelsafelyaroundtheworkplace.Finally,reportanyunsafebehaviorbyforkliftoperatorsorpedestrianstoyoursupervisor.建议穿高可视度的反光衣，这样操作员就很容易看到你。避免慌乱地进入作业区。永远不要搭乘叉车，除非有特别的批准，且有足够的安全空间。永远不要从提升的货物下走过。与叉车路保持距离，因为货物可能坠落，即使叉车停止了，货物还有惯性。不要在货物间走近路，永远不要爬防护栏。你的工作场所可能有安全装置，比如球面镜、限速器和警示灯等，要尽量利用这些安全装置让自己安全行走。最后，记得要向主管报告不安全的行人和操作员。S