托福作文写作范文详解rodu.docx

托福作文写作范文详解ReadingManyconsumersignorecommercialadvertisements.Inresponse,advertisingcompanieshavestartedusinganewtacticzcalled“buzzing."Theadvertisershirepeople7buzzerszwhopersonallypromote(buzz)productstopeopletheyknowormeet.Thekeypartisthatthebuzzersdonotrevealthattheyarebeingpaidtopromoteanything.Theybehaveasthoughtheywerejustspontaneouslypraisingaproductduringnormalconversation.Buzzinghasgeneratedalotofcontroversy,andmanycriticswouldliketoseeitbanned.First,thecriticscomplainthatconsumersshouldknowwhetherapersonpraisingaproductisbeingpaidtopraisetheproduct.Knowingthismakesabigdifference:weexpectthetruthfrompeoplewhowebelievedonothaveanymotiveformisleadingus.Butwithbuzzingwhatyouhearisjustpaidadvertising,whichmaywellgiveapersonincorrectinformationaboutthebuzzedproduct.Secondzsincebuzzerspretendtheyarejustprivateindividuals,consumerslistentotheirendorsementslesscriticallythantheyshould.WithadvertisementsinprintoronTV,theconsumerisonguardforquestionableclaimsoremptydescriptionssuchas"newandimproved."Butwhenconsumersdonotknowtheyarebeinglobbied,theymayacceptclaimstheywouldotherwisebesuspiciousof.Thismaysuitthemanufacturers,butitcouldreallyharmconsumers.Andworstofallistheharmfuleffectthatbuzzingislikelytohaveonsocialrelationships.Oncewebecomeawarethatpeoplewemeetsociallymaybebuzzerswithahiddenagenda,wewillbecomelesstrustfulofpeopleingeneral.Sobuzzingwillresultinthespreadofmistrustandtheexpectationofdishonesty.ListeningHi,mynameisBill.UmzIwastalkingyourprofessorinthesubwayaboutthegreatphoneservicethatIwasusing.Anditturnedoutwe,rebothinterestedinmarketing.Soheaskedmetotalkinhismarketingclasses.YouseezIamabuzzerzparttime,youknow.Duringtheday,maStudentjustlikeyou.NowzIreadthatpieceattackingbuzzing,itisreallymisleading.HowwoulditdescribebuzzingleadingaIotzandgivesawrongimpression?First,itmakesitsoundlikebuzzersdonzttellthetruthabouttheproductsthey'rebuzzing.Thatsnottrue.Howbuzzingworksthis.Companiesfindpeoplewhousetheirproductsandwhoreallythinkproductisgood.Sobuzzingisnotlikeordinaryadvertisementwhereanactressispaidtoreadsomelies.UmzyeszIgetpaidfortellingyouwhatIamthinking,butyougetthetruthfrombuzzers.Ireallydothinkmyphoneserviceisgreat.Thatiswhythecompanyhiredme.Second,thereadingmakesitseemthatwhenabuzzertalkstosomeone,thepersonbelieveswhatevertheyhearfromthebuzzer.Nottrue.Infact,theoppositeistrue.PeopleItalktoaskalotofquestionsabouttheproductsIbuzz,thatisabouttheprice,serviceandhowlongIusedtheproduct.IfIdonzthavegoodanswers,theywon,tbuytheproducts.Finally,ifyoubelievewhatyouread,buzzingwilldestroycivilization,thatisstupid.Ifaproductisbadzthecompanyca,trecruitbuzzers.Sowhatyougetfromabuzzerisnotonlysincerebutislikelytobeaboutagoodproduct.IfyoutrythephoneserviceIusezyouzregonnaloveit.Sopeoplewhotrybuzzedproductsaregoingtohaveagoodexperience.Soendupbeingmoretrustfulandopenuptopeople.一、阅读听力要点概括ReadingPassageMainpoints:Buzzingcreatedalotcontroversyandshouldbebanned.Subpoint1:Consumersshouldknowwhetherapersonispaidtosaysuchthing.Subpoint2:Consumersarelesscriticallyandgetharmed.Subpoint3:Buzzinghurtoursocialrelationships.LectureAttitude:Itismisleading.SubPoint1:Buzzerstellthetruth.(Realusers,Truethinking.)SubPoint2:Buzzeranswersalotquestions.(Price,Service,goodanswers.)SubPoint3:Buzzerwon'tdestroycivilization.(Sincereandgoodproduct.Goodexperience.Moretrust.)二、范文逐段赏析Paragraph1Asstatedinthereading,manycriticsproposethatbuzzingbebanned.Yetabuzzer,Billzwhodisagreeswiththesecritics,arguesforbuzzinginthreeimportantaspects.此段功能：（Listeningpassage后文提到用L代替）（Readingpassage后文用R代替）以L的观点为主要观点，先说许多批评家认为这种聊天式传销应该被禁止，但是T立传销者，Bill,准备从三方面反驳这个观点。此段结构：作者先一句话总结了R中的结论，接着一句话告诉大家，L确定逻辑为反，准备从三方面来辩论。Paragraph2Firstzheassertsthatthepointmadeinthereading,thatbuzzersdonzttellthetruth,isfalse.Althoughbuzzersarepaidbycompanies,hestates,theyareactuallyprevioususerswhohaveenjoyedtheproductandwillingtosharetheirrealthoughtswithothers.此段功能：以L的观点起头，谈subtopic1,L主张：R中他们这种转销者是说谎的传闻是错误的。接下来他的证据是，虽然公司付钱给他们，他们其实早就是产品的用户，能和其他人真实分享体验。此段结构：此段为总分结构。第一句巧妙的结合了R的观点，陈述L的观点(Don'ttelltruthisfalse).接下来一系列的证据有力的支撑了L的观点。Paragraph3Second,hearguesagainstabuzzers'roleinmisleadingconsumersasshowninthereading.Hestatesthatconsumersremainclearandskepticalwhilebeingbuzzed.Theyaskquestionsaboutdetailssuchasprice,serviceandthebuzzer,sfamiliaritybeforedrawingtheirfinaldecisionaccordingtotheresponses.此段功能：还是以L观点出发，L接着说：R中传销者误导客户的说法也是错误的。L举例说，顾客在被传销过程中也是抱着怀疑和聪明的态度。他们做出决定前会问很多细节问题例如价格,服务,传销者的熟悉程度等等。此段结构：此段为总分结构。第一句总结L的观点，接着搬出L的实际例子让人信服。Paragraph4Third,hesaysthatthearticle'sclaimsabouttheharmfuleffectsimposedbybuzzingoncivilizationneglectstoinformthereaderthatbuzzersareonlyemployedtopromoteworthyproductsandtoleaveconsumersaniceexperience,resultofwhichistoimprovesocietyasawhole.此段功能：讨论SUbtoPic3,L接着反对R的最后一个观点：传销影响人们之间的文明。L指出，R在指责的时候没有告诉读者传销者只促销他们觉得有价值的产品而且可以给顾客留下很好的体验，这样的感觉恰恰能使社会进步。此段结构：此段为分总结构，L一个超长句里先表示了R的证据有遗漏，接着解释遗漏是什么，最后说遗漏的这点恰好能推翻R自己的做出的观点。三、范文全篇总评1、逻辑结构全文遵从总分结构第一段上来总结了R的观点确认了L的反对逻辑，