安徽大学翻译硕士2011年初试翻译基础和复试翻译实践与评述（真题）.docx

试题名称：翻译实践与评述(注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上一律无效)I.FillintheBlanksandTranslatetheParagraphsintoChinese(10,+40,)Afterschoolreopensnextfall,teachersalloverCaliforniawillbemakinghousecalls-nottotutorchildren,buttoencourageparentstogetmoreinvolvedintheirkid,seducation.JimSweeney,superintendentofaSacramentodistrictwheresuchhomevisitsarealreadyinplace,saystheyhave“changedthewholerelationshipbetweenteachersandparents.Testscoresandattendanceareup,anddisciplineproblemsare1.Theprogram,ssuccessisnotsurprising,especiallyconsideringtheresultsofanewsurveyconductedfortheNickelodeonchannelandTime.2emergesfromthepollof991kids,ages9to14,plus400parentsand103middleschoolteachers,isanoteworthydisconnectinmanyfamiliesoverparentalinvolvementintheirchildren,seducation.While92%oftheparentssaidtheyareveryinterestedintheirkids,schoolwork,thenumberfallsto75%3kidswereaskedifthisistrueoftheirparents.Similarly,77%ofparentssaidtheyhelpthekids4homeworktohelpthemlearnmore,asopposedtojustcheckingitoverto5sureitisdone,butonly60%ofkidsagreedwiththat.Teachersoverwhelminglysaidtheywantedparentstobeextremelyinvolvedintheirkids,work,6only3%ofteacherssaidtheybelievedparentsreally7.Nearly4outof10teacherssaidtheirschoolsdon,tdoenoughtoinvolveparents.Kidsarebecomingmorematerialistictoo.Comparedwiththesamesurveylastyear,agreaternumberofkids(23%,upfrom14%)saytheywouldratherberichandunhappythanpoorandhappy.Whilethemajorityofkidsstillsaythatiftheyhadtochoose8makingmoremoneyandhelpingothers,theywouldchoosetohelpothers,thisyear39%wouldtakethemoney(vs.33%lastyear).Ayearago,aboutthesame9ofkidswantedtobecomeaCEOaswantedtobePresidentoftheU.S.Thisyear56%wanttobea10.whileonly40%wanttobePresident.Perhapsitsayssomethingaboutrolemodels,bothintheWhiteHouseandathome.I1.MakeaCommentinEnglishontheFollowingChineseinabout300Words(50')Earlymenwerealsogreatlyinterestedinthestarstheysawtwinklingintheskyatnight.Whatwheydidnotrealizewasthatthestarswerealsopresentduringthedaytime,buttheirlightwasnotvisiblebecauseofthebrillianceofthesun.Howdidtheydiscoverthis?Thereisoneeventwhichdoesenableustoseethestarsinthedaytime.Itisthetotaleclipseofthesun,whenthemoonpassesinfrontofthesunandhidesitfromview.Whenthishappens,theskybecomesdarkenoughforthestarstobeseen.Totaleclipsesofthiskinddonotoccurveryoftenandarenotlikelytobeseenfromthesameareamorethanonceeveryfiftyfouryears.Onecanimaginewhatanawe-inspiringsightitmusthavebeenforanearlyman,whowouldremembertheeventfortherestofhislife.Somanwatchedthemovementsofthesun,themoonandthestarsandwonderedaboutthem.Itwaspracticingtheoldestbranchofscience-astronomy.古人也对夜晚所见天空中闪烁的群星怀有浓厚的兴趣。他们还不知道白天星星也在那里，只是看不见他们的闪光，因为太阳光太强了。人们怎么会发现这一点的呢？只有一种情况能让我们在白天看见星星，那就是日全食。月亮走到太阳前面，把它遮住。这时天空变暗，便可看见星星了。这种日全食并不常见，同一个地区也许每隔五十四年只会碰上一次。我们可以想象，对于古人来说，这该是一种多么令人心惊胆战的景象啊，他们一生中永远也不会忘记。人类就是这样观察太阳、月亮和星体的运动，并产生疑问的。人们在思考它们是什么，以及他们在干什么的时候，其实就是在从事对科学的最古老的学科一一天文学的研究。试题名称：英语翻译基础(注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上一律无效)1.Direction:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetext,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.(30,)1 .DJ2 .IE1.TS3 .EPT4 .GATT5 .OHMS6 .deficit7 .genetically-modifiedplants8 .referentialmeaning9 .Sapir-WhorfHypothesis10 .psychologicalprofile11 .synchronicdescription12 .relevancetheory13 .falsefriends/fauxamis14 .ecologicalcompensationsystem15 .Westernpowers16 .对外文化宣传17 .“五个一工程奖”18 .三下乡19 .意合法20 .行政村21 .全球化22 .社区23 .信、达、雅24 .传译25 .泥石流26 .博士点27 .反恐战争28 .素质测试29 .生物技术30 .文化传递II.Direction:Translatethefollowingtwosourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120,)SourceText1:Atthebeginningofthiscentury,medicalscientistsmadeasurprisingdiscovery:thatWearebuiltnotjustoffleshandbloodbutalsooftime.TheywereabletodemonstratethatWeallhaveaninternaltbodyclock,whichregulatestheriseandfallofourbodyenergies,makingusdifferentfromonedaytothenext.Theseforcesbecameknownasbiorhythms;theycreatethe4highs,andtlows,inoureverydaylife.Theideasofaninternalbodyclock,shouldnotbetoosurprising,sincethelivesofmostlivingthingsaredominatedbythe24-hournight-and-daycycle.ThemostobviousfeatureofthiscycleisthewayWefeeltiredandfallasleepatnightandbecomeawakeandalertduringtheday.Ifthe24-hourrhythmisinterrupted,mostpeopleexperienceunpleasantsideeffects.Forexample,internationalaeroplanetravellersoftenexperiencejetlag'whentravellingacrosstimezones.Peoplewhoarenotusedtoshiftworkcanfindthatlackofsleepaffectstheirworkperformance.Aswellasthedailyrhythmofsleepingandwaking,Wealsohaveotherrhythmswhichlastlongerthanonedayandwhichinfluencewideareasofourlives.MostofuswouldagreethatWefeelgoodonsomedaysandnotsogoodonothers.Sometimesweareallfingersandthumbsbutonotherdayswehaveexcellentcoordination.Therearetimeswhenweappeartobeaccident-prone,orwhenourtemperseemstobeonashortfuse,lsn,titalsostrangehowideasseemtoflowonsomedaysbutatothert