酸化压裂相关工艺技术.ppt

104d8dd204d8dd酸化用酸液及添加剂304d8dd1.溶蚀能量强，生成的产物能够溶解于残酸水中，与储层流体配伍性好，对储层不产生污染；2.加入化学添加剂后所配制成的酸液的物理、化学性质能够满足施工要求；3.运输、施工方便，安全；4.价格便宜，货源广性能要求404d8dd酸化常用酸型酸类名称特点适用条件盐酸溶解力强，价廉货源广；反应速度快，腐蚀严重。广泛用于碳酸盐岩储层酸化 和碳酸盐含量高的砂岩储层酸化盐酸-氢氟酸(土酸)溶解力强，反应速度快，反应严重，易产生二次污染砂岩储层基质酸化氟硼酸反应慢，水解速度受温度影响较大。处理范围大。砂岩储层深部解堵酸化无机酸磷酸反应速度慢，用以解除硫化物，腐蚀产物及碳酸盐类堵塞物，HF 溶解粘土矿物。碳酸盐含量，泥质含量高，含有水敏及酸敏性粘土矿物，污染较重，又不易用土酸处理 的砂岩储层，可用磷酸/HF 处理。甲酸(蚁酸)有机酸乙酸反应慢，腐蚀性弱高温碳酸盐岩储层酸化氨基磺酸反应慢，腐蚀性弱，运输方便；溶蚀能力低，在高温下易生产水解不溶物。温度不高于 70的碳酸盐岩储层解堵酸化粉状酸氯醋酸反应慢，腐蚀性弱，运输方便；溶蚀能力低，较氨基磺酸酸性强而稳定碳酸盐岩储层解堵酸化乙酸-盐酸混合酸多组分酸甲酸-盐酸混合酸即可保证较强的溶解力，有可较好地实现深部酸化高 温 碳 酸 盐 岩 储 层 的 深 部 酸化。稠化酸缓速效果好，滤失量小;高温下稳定性差，残酸不易返排。中、低温碳酸盐岩储层的酸化乳化酸缓速酸效果好，腐蚀性弱；摩阻大，排量受限。碳酸盐岩储层胶化酸缓速效果好，滤失量小；高温下稳定性差，未破胶对储层污染严重。碳酸盐岩储层化学缓速酸缓速效果好,施工难度大。碳酸盐岩储层缓速酸泡沫酸缓速效果好，滤失量小，对储层污染小；成本高，施工困难。低压、低渗水敏性碳酸盐岩 储层酸压504d8dd新型酸液5H酸高温延迟酸酸固体酸地下自生酸604d8dd盐酸系无机强酸，它是氯化氢的水溶液。纯盐酸系无机强酸，它是氯化氢的水溶液。纯盐酸是无色透明的液体，因含盐酸是无色透明的液体，因含FeClFeCl3 3及其它及其它杂质，故常看到的工业盐酸略呈黄色，盐杂质，故常看到的工业盐酸略呈黄色，盐酸氯化氢气体具特有的刺激性气味。在空酸氯化氢气体具特有的刺激性气味。在空气中，浓盐酸常冒出白色酸雾。盐酸是一气中，浓盐酸常冒出白色酸雾。盐酸是一种具有强腐蚀性的强酸还原剂。种具有强腐蚀性的强酸还原剂。盐酸704d8dd品 质指 标，W/W%氯 化 氢 含 量铁 含 量硫 酸 含 量铅 含 量310.010.070.00002盐酸工业标准804d8dd盐酸特点(1)酸岩反应速度相对变慢，有效作用范围大；(2)单位体积盐酸可产生较多的二氧化碳，利于残酸的排出；(3)单位体积盐酸可产生较多的氯化钙、氯化镁，提高残酸的粘度，控制了酸岩反应速度，并有利于悬浮、携带固体颗粒从储层中排出。(4)盐酸的主要缺点是与石灰岩反应速度太快，904d8dd盐酸比重及配制HCl=1+C/2盐酸百分浓度Wt和当量浓度关系：Wt=()1001073.01?N211221VCCVC盐酸浓度配置配置稀酸液所需的清水量V清水V1V2 V3比重1004d8dd降低盐酸液浓度需加清水量计算101ZXQQQ1清水用量，kg；Q0已配酸液量，kg；X已配酸液浓度重量百分比，；Z施工用酸液浓度重量百分比，盐酸比重及配制1104d8dd提高稀酸液浓度，需加浓盐酸量的计算CZZXQQ02Q2浓盐酸用量，kg；Q0已配酸液量，kg；C浓盐酸浓度重量百分比，；Z施工用酸液浓度重量百分比，；X已配酸液浓度重量百分比，盐酸比重及配制1204d8dd酸浓度，%262728293031工业盐酸配置盐酸密度，kg/m31131.01136.81142.21147.11152.61157.7浓度，%密度重量体积清水重量体积清水重量体积清水重量体积清水重量体积清水重量11004.838.634.2965.837.232.7967.335.931.4968.634.630.2969.833.529.1970.932.421009.777.768.7931.374.865.8934.272.163.1936.969.660.7939.367.358.4941.665.131014.7117.1103.5896.5112.799.2900.8108.795.2904.8105.091.5908.5101.588.0912.098.241019.7156.9138.7861.3151.1132.9867.1145.7127.5872.5140.6122.6877.4136.0118.0882.0131.651024.8197.1174.3825.7189.8166.9833.1183.0160.2839.8176.7154.0846.0170.8148.2851.8165.361029.9237.7210.1789.9228.9201.3798.7220.7193.2806.8213.1185.8814.2206.0178.7821.3199.371035.0278.7246.4753.6268.3236.0764.0258.8226.5773.5249.8217.8782.2241.5209.5790.5233.781040.2320.1283.0717.0308.2271.1728.9297.2260.2739.8287.0250.2749.8277.4240.7759.3268.491044.7361.6319.7680.3348.2306.3693.7335.8294.0706.0324.2282.6717.4313.4271.9728.1303.3101050.0403.8357.1642.9388.9342.1657.9375.0328.3671.7362.1315.6684.4350.0303.7696.3338.7111055.0446.3394.6605.4429.8378.1621.9414.5362.9637.1400.2348.9651.1386.8335.6664.4374.4121060.0489.2432.6567.4471.1414.4585.6454.3397.7602.3438.6382.4617.6424.0367.9632.1410.3131064.6532.3470.6529.4512.6450.9549.1494.3432.7567.3477.2416.0584.0461.3400.2599.8446.4141070.2576.3509.5490.5554.9488.1511.9535.1468.5531.5516.6450.4549.6499.4433.3566.7483.3151074.9620.1548.3451.7597.2525.3474.7575.8504.1495.9556.0484.7515.3537.5466.3533.7520.1161080.1664.7587.7412.3640.1563.0437.0617.2540.4459.6595.9519.5480.5576.1499.8500.2557.5171084.9709.4627.2372.8683.1600.9399.1658.7576.7423.3636.0554.4445.6614.8533.4466.6594.9181090.2754.8667.3332.7726.8639.3360.7700.8613.6386.4676.7589.9410.1654.1567.5432.5633.0191095.2800.3707.6292.4770.7678.0322.0743.2650.6349.4717.5625.5374.5693.6601.8398.2671.3201100.2846.3748.3251.7815.0716.9283.1785.9688.0312.0758.8661.5338.5733.5636.4363.6709.8211105.7893.1789.6210.4860.0756.5243.5829.3726.0274.0800.7698.0302.0774.0671.5328.5749.0221110.8939.9831.0169.0905.1796.2203.8872.8764.1235.9842.7734.6265.4814.6706.7293.3788.3231115.9987.1872.8127.2950.6836.2163.8916.6802.5197.5885.0771.5228.5855.5742.3257.7827.9241121.41035.1915.284.8996.8876.8123.2961.2841.5158.5928.1809.0191.0897.1778.3221.7868.2251126.11082.8957.442.61042.7917.282.81005.4880.3119.7970.8846.3153.7938.4814.2185.8908.1261131.01131.01000.00.01089.1958.042.01050.2919.580.51014.0884.0116.0980.2850.4149.6948.6271136.81180.51043.81136.81000.00.01096.2959.740.31058.4922.777.31023.1887.7112.3990.1281142.21230.11087.61184.51042.01142.21000.00.01102.8961.438.61066.1924.975.11031.7配置1m3不同浓度的盐酸溶液所需要的工业盐酸和清水量1304d8dd基质酸化不同酸化半径和孔隙度要求的注酸强度半径，m孔隙度，%0.250.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.52.0孔隙体积，m310.00.015 0.046 0.074 0.109 0.149 0.197 0.250 0.310 0.376 0.448 0.526 0.611 0.702 1.25212.50.019 0.057 0.093 0.136 0.187 0.246 0.312 0.387 0.470 0.560 0.658 0.764 0.878 1.56515.00.023 0.069 0.111 0.163 0.224 0.295 0.375 0.464 0.563 0.672 0.790 0.917 1.054 1.87817.50.026 0.080 0.130 0.190 0.261 0.344 0.437 0.542 0.657 0.784 0.921 1.070 1.229 2.19120.00.030 0.091 0.148 0.217 0.299 0.393 0.500 0.619 0.751 0.896 1.053 1.222 1.405 2.50422.50.034 0.103 0.167 0.244 0.336 0.442 0.562 0.697 0.845 1.008 1.184 1.375 1.580 2.81725.00.038 0.114 0.185 0.271 0.374 0.491 0.625 0.774 0.939 1.120 1.316 1.528 1.756 3.13027.00.041 0.124 0.200 0.293 0.403 0.531 0.675 0.836 1.014 1.209 1.421 1.650 1.896 3.38130.00.045 0.137 0.222 0.326 0.448 0.590 0.750 0.929 1.127 1.344 1.579 1.834 2.107 3.7561404d8dd盐酸-氢氟酸(土酸)化工界大批生产的氢氟酸化工界大批生产的氢氟酸(HF)(HF)是是氟化