世界能源不可能三角指数2021（英）-68正式版.docx

WORLDENERGYCOUNCILWORLDENERGYTrilemmaIndexInpartnershipwithOliverWymanABOUTWORLD ENERGY COUNCILWORLD ENERGYTRILEMMA INDEX 2021J-ozoo AOHWN山 CnHoMThe World Energy Council is the principal impartial network of energy leaders and practitioners promoting an affordable, stable and environmentally sensitive energy system for the greatest benefit of all.Formed in 1923, the Council represents the entire energy spectrum, with over 3,000 member organisations in over 80 countries, drawn from governments, private and state corporations, academia, NGOs and energy stakeholders. We inform global, regional and national energy strategies by hosting high-level events including the World Energy Congress and publishing authoritative studies, and work through our extensive member network to facilitate the world's energy policy dialogue.Further details at www.worldenergy.org and WECOUnCilPublished by the World Energy Council 2021Copyright ©2021 World Energy Council. All rights reserved. All or part of this publication may be used or reproduced as long as the following citation is included on each py or transmission: 'Used by permission of the World Energy Council'World Energy CouncilRegistered in England and Wales No.4184478VAT Reg. No. GB 123 3802 48The World Energy Council's definition of energy sustaina-bility is based on three core dimensions: Energy Security, Energy Equity, and Environmental Sustainability of Energy Systems.Balancing these three goals constitutes a 'Trilemma' and balanced systems enable prosperity and competitiveness of individual countries.The World Energy Trilemma Index has been prepared annually since 2010 by the World Energy Council in partnership with global consultancy Oliver Wyman, along with Marsh McLennan Advantage of its parent Marsh McLennan Companies. It presents a comparative ranking of 127 countries, energy systems, and provides an assessment of a country's energy system performance, reflecting balance and robustness in the three Trilemma dimensions.Access the complete Index results, national Trilemma pro-files and the interactive Trilemma Index tool to find out more about countries' Trilemma performance and what it takes to build a sustainable energy system can be found at: https:trilemma.worldenerv.orWorld Energy Trilemma Index 2021, published by the World Energy Council in partnership with OLIVER WYMAN.RegisteredOffice62-64Cornhill1.ondonEC3V3NHUnitedKingdomTABLEOFCONTENTSFOREWORD04EXECUTIVESUMMARY072021TRILEMMARESULTS112021TOPPERFORMERSANDIMPROVERS122021WORLDENERGYTRILEMMAINDEX13INTRODUCTION16TRENDSINENERGYSECURITY20TRENDSINENERGYEQUITY25TRENDSINSUSTAINABILITY30REGIONALENERGYPROFILESAFRICAASIAEUROPEMIDDLEEASTANDGULFSTATES37NORTHAMERICA1.ATINAMERICAANDTHECARIBBEANANNEXA:FREQUENTLYASKEDQUESTIONS56ANNEXB:INDEXRANKINGS&POLICIES58ANNEXC:INDEXMETHODOLOGY60ACKNOWLEDGMENTS65FOREWORDMAKING(COMMON)SENSEOFOURCHANGINGRELATIONSHIPSWITHENERGYiTheworldneedsmoresustainableenergyandourrelationshipwithenergyand,consequently,witheachother,isshiftingandtransforming.Theneedtoinvolvemorepeopleanddiversecommunitiesinbeingbetterabletoappreciateandnavigatetheroleofenergyineverydaylifehasneverbeengreater.Today'senergyleadershiplandscapeiscrowded,competitive,oftenconfusing,andincreasinglycostly.Confrontationandextremepolarisationhavebecomecommonplace.InmyroleastheSecretaryGeneralandCEOoftheWorldEnergyCouncil,/amoftenaskedtomakesenseofworldenergydevelopmentsbyincreasinglydiverseenergyinterests-incumbentenergyproducers,newpowersuppliers,investorsandacademics,regulatorsandjournalists,climateandpovertyactivists.Idonothaveacrystalball,butIcanharnessthewisdomofthecrowd.BuildingnewenergybridgesforanothercenturyItisnoteasytobeimpartialandimpactful,butitiswhatweareandhavebeenfornearly100years.Asacharity,ourworkandinsightsarenon-proprietaryand,assuch,arewellused,whichwetakeasahugecompliment,andasthe6thSecretaryGeneralandCEO,Icanassureyouthatourprimefocusisonincreasingourimpactindrivingastepchangeinglobalenergytransitions.Thereareseveralareaswherewecontinuetoexcelinforgingnewcommonsenseandleveragingour,builtin'scaletoprogressbetterenergyforallpeopleandahealthyplanet.Ourself-organising,locallydeepandgloballynetworkedenergycommunityisopentoallandsecondtonone.Ourmembershipbaseconnectsdiverseenergyinterestsacrossallcornersoftheplanet,differentspheresofgovernment,civilsociety,academiaandbusiness,andreachesbeyondtheenergyindustry.Ourinvestmentforover40yearsinFutureEnergyLeadersandourmorerecentchampioningofStart-upEnergyTransitionEntrepreneurs,isourantidotetotheinstitutionalcurseof,pale,male,stale,.Wearerefreshinglyoldandarguablyoneoftheworld,sfirst'phoneafriend*energycommunitiesWeunderstandthatcctextmattersandihalthat,noonesnfitsalwhenitcomestoenergytransitionsandpowertransfomatiorB.ThedepthAeadthofOunietworkenablesustosupportsocietiestoappreciatethesco