新概念一册语法整理.docx

句子的种类1）肯定句：主语动词+其它成份Sophie2）否认句：主语isanewstudent.动词+not+其它成份Sophieisnotanewstudent.3）一般疑问句：yes-noquestion（可以直接用yes或no来答且）功能：询问Thisisyourname.Isthisyourname?构成：be动词置于前动词衰达人的性状.”身份、性及、ME状有.）动词+主语+其它成份？Sophieisanewstudent.isSophieanewstudent.Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.特殊疑问句：wh-question（不能直接用yes或no来答复）构成：特殊疑问词+be+n.Whaicolorisyour?（固定结构）肯定句变特殊疑问句的步骡：D找到肯定句中被提问的局部。2）根据句意选择最适宜的特殊疑问词。3）将特殊疑问词置于句首。4）该特殊疑问句不针对肯定句的主语提问时，动词放在主语前。该特殊疑问句针对主语提问时，动词不用提前，原位不动。5）主系表结构句（的态句型）构成：主语+系动词+表语（beam/is/are）Thisisyourcar.6）Therebe句型A.使用范围：某地存在某人或某物（be：存在）B.构成：There+be（isare）+地点C用法：有：拥有have存在TherCbe.D.分类：Therebe.Thcreis.+单数名词Thereare.+复数名词E.过去式：Therebe+（was.Were）+地点therebe.A.ThereWaS+单数名词B.ThereWCre+复数名词7）祈使句：A.表示命令：动词原形+.GUMtXitI其用on*-料习慎用法.IB.表示请求：please+动词原形+.C.表示建议：Let's+动词原形+.（Let,sgo,ok?）8）否认疑问句：1 .构成：一般疑问句的疑问词+not的缩略式Areyouok?-ren,tyouok?/Doyouknowthat?-Don'tyouknowthat?/Canyouwait?-Can,tyouwail?2 .何时用？A.表达强调：Aren'tyoulucky!B.表达情绪：Don,tyouloveme?3 .翻译：,难道，难道不.”4 .组纲步骤：一般疑问句（先看词性，再看人称）+not难道她不漂亮吗？Isshebeautiful?-Isn,（shebeautiful?难道她没有男朋友吗？DoeSshehaveaboyfriend?Doesn'tshehaveaboyfriend?Isshe.-Isn'tshe./Canyou.-Can,（you./Didyou.-Didn'tyou./Doesshe.-Doesn'tshe.5 .完全否认与局部否认1）完全否认；Heisnotadoctor./Idon'tlikecoffee./Ididn'tmeethimatall.2）局部否认：InUCh和many在否认句中表示局部否认IknMmUm皿”any在否认中表达完全否认Wehaven'tgotmuchteaorcoffee.我们的茶和咖啡不多了：Theydon'thavemanyapples.Shehasn'tgotmuchchocolate.Hehasn'tgotmanyeggs.力双宾语：A. Givesb.sth.=Givesth.tosb.B. buymakeget.fbr.C.直接宾语是代词，往往用to或fo的结构。Givemeabk.Giveittome.Givemeit.×Buymeaflower.Buyitforme.D.双宾语动词：give/write/send/oiler/read/post/sellYougivemeabook.主调宾宾简单句的句型结构：A.主+谓B.主+谓+宾C.主+谓+宾宾D.主+谓+宾补E.主+系+表E.双宾语结构：及物动词动词、宾语(动作的承受者)不及物动词(vi.)三单：第三人称单数(能用Sheheil代替的，名字、称谓、单个的东西、不可数名词)先看词性：动词Or非动词再看人称：三单Or非三单Areyou.?Doyou.?ISshe/he/it.?Doseyou.?Isn't,aren't+非动词don,(.doesn't+动词10.句子组强的5步h谁一干了什么一如何干的一在哪干的一何时干的A.他每天开心地在家等他。He-waitsIbrherhappilyathome一everj,day.B.我昨天忙碌地在商场买了很多鞋。I-boughtmanyshoesbusilyinthemallyesterday.C.我突然在教室里发现一个不认识的人。Iindastranger-suddenlyintheclassroom.D.他上周匆忙地离开了。Heleft-hurriedlylastweek.名月所有格1)分类：'s/of/双重所有格等名词飞+名词Tom'scar/thebird'ssong.2)名词：发音名词(s)，s+名词名词(三)+名词Jones'sbookorJones,book3)名词(6)：复数名词(s)，+名词Theboys'teacher.4)名词s，+名词(可省略)ThisshirtisTim'sshirt.-ThisshirtisTim,s.1)一般情况下直接加S(books/jobs)2)以sxshch结尾加esz(buses/boxes/brushes/benches)3)以辅音字母+y结尾的，变丫为1加65位/(babybabies)4)以y结尾的专有名词'或元开字母+，结尾的名词变复数时直接加sz(boy-boys)5)以元音字母+o结尾的直接加s/z/：(rad-radj5)以辅音字母+o结尾的加es/z/：(mosquitomosquitoes)6)以Jfe结尾的去f/fe变vesvz(leafleaves,knifeknives)7)变复数以全拼为准，缩写一般+s(phoiophotos)photograph-photographs8)外来词往往直接加s：pianopianostobaccotobaccos9)特殊变化：childchildren/Manmen/womanwomen/ibotieei/tooihteeth发音规那么规律：（D清辅音+ss;浊辅音&元音+s/：可数名词的发音是以句子变复效：单数名词+is.且数名词+aresIZi/t时t+sts;d+sdz店尾+esizA.概念（戴在名词头上的帽子，没仃特殊情况不能摘帽子。）anicecar/abighouse/agoodnameB.包括：aantheC.意思：a/an一个、一间、一台、一the这，那，这些，那些thestudent这/那个学生Thestudents这/那些个学生D.分类：定冠词Ihe一确定的、知道的不定冠词a/an不确定的、不知道的Thereisamonk.那有一个和尚。ThemonkisJack.那个和尚叫Jack.E.a/an的区别an+元音发音开头的单词，其余用a。anegg/anorange/anhour（h不发音）F.特殊情况：国家（简写）、国籍、人名、城市名前不能加冠词。代月1）人称代词：主格宾格单数豆数单数曳数第一人称：1wemeUS第二人称：youyouyouyou第三人称：hehimshetheyherthem人称代词的语序：单数（2-3-1you-she-I）.1-2-3,we-you-they）«2）形容词性物主代词（必须+名词）Myyourhisheritsouryourtheir我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她陀们的反身代司我（们）自己你（们）自己他自己她自己它自己数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesD何时用？A.强词主语&宾语Hehimselfsentmeagift.他亲自送我一件礼物IseeWangXiaoyaherself.我见了王小Y本人。B.不言而喻的宾语Takegoodcareofvoursclf.Eniovyourself.2)用法？A.介闻+反身代词byoneselfM可演阳者ingoingtoswimbymyself.d)He,sgoingtolearnEnglishbyhimself.3)betweenoneself私下IfsjustbetweenOUrSelVeSj天"Wo你知我知.B.动词+反身代词1) Enjoyoneself玩的开心、过的愉快Theyenjoythemselves.2) helponeself随意Helpyourselves,please.1.基数词onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenSevenieeneighteennineteentwentytwenty-one.thirtythirty-onefortyforty-onefiftyfifty-onesixtysixty-oneseventyseveniy-oneeightyeighty-oneninetyninety-onehundredonehundredlwohundredhundredand十/个999ninehundredandninety-nine674sixhundredandseventy-four123onehundredandtwenty-three508fivehundredandeight888eighlhundredandeighly-eight390threehundredandninetythousandonethousandtwothousand2045twothousandandforty-five3008threethousandandeightlenthousand一万twentythousand二万thirtythousand三万fortythousand四万fiftythousand五万sixty-thousand六万seventy-thousand七万eighty-thousand八万ninetythousand九万onehundredthousa