剑桥KET词汇表.docx

CambridgeEnglishVOCABULARYLISTKeyEnglishTest(KET)KeyEnglishTestforSchools(KETfS)KETVocabularyList©UCLES2012IntroductiontotheKETVocabularyListTheKETVocabularyListgivesteachersaguidetothevocabularyneededwhenpreparingstudentsfortheKETandKETforSchoolsexaminations.BackgroundtothelistTheKETVocabularyListwasoriginallydevelopedbyCambridgeESOLinconsultationwithexternalconsultantstoguideitemwriterswhoproducematerialsfortheKETexamination.ItdrewonvocabularyfromtheCouncilofEurope'sWaystage(1990)specificationandothervocabularywhichcorpusevidenceshowsishighfrequency.ThelistcoversvocabularyappropriatetotheA2levelontheCommonEuropeanFrameworkofReference(CEFR)andincludesreceptivevocabulary(wordsthatthecandidateisexpectedtounderstandbutwhichisnotthefocusofaquestion)andproductivevocabulary(wordsthatthecandidateneedstoknowinordertoansweraquestion).ThelistdoesnotprovideanexhaustivelistofallwordswhichappearontheKETandKETforSchoolsquestionpapersandcandidatesshouldnotconfinetheirstudyofvocabularytothelistalone.HowthelistisupdatedThevocabularyofEnglishchangesovertime,withwordsbeingaddedandotherwordsfallingintodisuse.Inordertomaintainitscurrency,theKETVocabularyListisupdatedonanannualbasis,withthedecisiontoaddorremovewordsbeinginformedbyreferencetotheCambridgeLearnerCorpusandEnglishVocabularyProfile.TheCambridgeLearnerCorpusisacollectionofover44millionwordsofEnglish,baseduponevidenceoflanguageusebylearnersfromallovertheworldandfromwhichtheEnglishVocabularyProfilehasdeveloped.TheEnglishVocabularyProfileshowsthemostcommonwordsandphrasesthatlearnersofEnglishneedtoknowinBritishorAmericanEnglish.ThemeaningofeachwordorphraseinthewordlistshasbeenassignedalevelbetweenA1andB2ontheCEFR.ApreviewversionoftheEnglishVocabularyProfilecanbeaccessedbyvisitingthewebsite:http:WWW.enqlishprofile.orqOrganisationofthelist WordsetsSomecategoriesofwordsthatalearneratthislevelmightbeexpectedtoknow,e.g.daysoftheweek,arenotincludedinthealphabeticallistbutarelistedinAppendix1.Although,grammarwords'(pronouns,modalverbs,etc.)areincluded,theLanguageSpecificationssectionoftheKETandKETforSchoolsHandbooks(availablefromwww.cambridgeesol.org)shouldbeconsultedforamorecompletelisting. ExemplificationExamplephrasesandsentencesshowinghowwordsmightbeusedaregivenonlywherewordswithdifferentmeaningsneedtobeconstrained.Forexample,bankisfollowedby,lchangedmymoneyinabank*-thisshowsthatbankislimitedtotheideaofafinancialinstitution:candidatesarenotexpectedtoknowothermeanings,suchas,ariverbank,. Multi-wordverbsAllmulti-word(orphrasal)verbsthataKETorKETforSchoolscandidatemightbeexpectedtoknowareincludedinthelist.Theseverbsinclude,literaverbs(i.e.wherethemeaningistransparent),e.g.sitdown,gooutand,non-literaverbs,e.g.lookafter,getup. TopiclistsInAppendix2,wordshavebeengroupedtogetherundercommonKETand/orKETforSchoolsthemes,suchas,FoodandDrink,'HouseandHome,and,Sport,.UnsuitabletopicsCambridgeESOLexaminationsmustnotcontainanythingthatmightoffendorupsetcandidates,potentiallyaffecttheirperformanceordistractthemduringtheexamination.Anumberof'sensitive'topicsareconsideredunsuitableforuseinKETandKETforSchools,forexamplewarandpolitics,andvocabularyrelatingtotheseisnotincludedintheKETVocabularyList.PersonalvocabularyThecontentoftheKETVocabularyListisgeneralinnatureandisunlikelytocovercompletelytheproductivevocabularythatmayberequiredbycandidates.CandidatesshouldknowthespecificlexistheyW川needtodescribethemselvesandtheirlives,forexamplehobbies,likesanddislikes.AbbreviationsAbbreviationsusedintheKETVocabularyListare:abbrevabbreviationoracronymmvmodalverbadjadjectivennounadvadverbphrvphrasalverbavauxiliaryverbPpluralAmEngAmericanEnglishprepprepositionBrEngBritishEnglishprepphrprepositionalphraseconjconjunctionpronpronoundetdeterminersingsingularexclamexclamationVverbSummaryofpointstobenoted ThelistdoesnotincludeeverywordthatmayappearonaKETorKETforSchoolspaper. Thelistcoversreceptiveandproductivevocabulary. Thelistisupdatedeveryyear.ContentsA5B6C7D9E10F11G12H11112J12K121.13M14N15O15P16Q17R17S18T20U21V21W21Y21Z21Appendix121Cardinalnumbers21Ordinalnumbers21Daysoftheweek21Monthsoftheyear21Seasonsoftheyear21Countries,languagesandnationalities21Continents21Health,MedicineandExercise25a/an(det)ago(adv)apple(n)able(adj)agree(v)appointment(n)beabletoYes,Iagreewithyou.anappointmentwiththeabout(adv&prep)Don'tyouagree,Sam?doctorWhataboutacolddrink?air(n)area(n)Ihaveabout£3.(adv)totravelbyairarm(n)abookaboutanimals(prep)airport(n)armchair(n)above(adv&prep)alarmclock(n)around(adv&prep)accident(n)album(n)totravelaround(adv)across(adv&prep)all(adv,det&pron)tositaroundthetable(prep)Thebank,sacrosstheroad.allright/alright(adj,adv&exclam)arrive(v)Hewalkedacrossthebridge.almost(adv)art