浅谈旅游景点解说词的特点及翻译策略.docx

浅谈旅游景点解说词的特点及翻译策略论文关键词：景点介绍翻译功能对等理论论文摘要：随着我国加入世贸组织和成功申办2008年奥运会，在未来的几年内将会有越来越多的外国游客来中国旅游。英语作为一种全球性的语言，在接待外国游客时将会是最重要的语言。为了迎合外国旅游者的需要，很多旅游机构和出版社都出了许多旅游资料，如景点介绍、旅游广告、景点告示、公共标识和旅游指南等。旅游景点解说词是旅游资料翻译的难点。由于中西方巨大的文化差异，把中国旅游景点的解说词翻译成英文是一件非常困难的事情。现在，中国旅游景点解说词翻译的质量还远不尽如人意。因此，在这一方面的研究是非常必要和紧迫的。本论文以奈达的功能对等理论为理论基础，采用一些中国旅游景点解说词的英文翻译作为例子，来对旅游景点解说词英译中的现存问题进行研究并提供一些可能性的解决办法。IntroductionAfterenteringWTOandthecountryssuccessfulbidtohostthe2008OlympicGames,Chinawillbevisitedbymoreandmoreforeigntouristsintheyearstocome.Englishtourists'materialsamongwhichscenic-spotintroductionisoneofthemostimportantpartshavebecomeaneffectivewaytopublicizeChinaandpromoteChina,stouristindustry.However,variousproblemsarestillprevalentinformalandinformaltouristmaterialsandthetranslationqualityofscenic-spotintroductionsandothertouristmaterialsneedstobeimprovedurgently.Therefore,thepresentthesisattemptstogiveanin-depthanalysisoftheexistingproblemsintheC-Etranslationofscenic-spotintroductions.Onthebasisoftheanalysis,tentativesolutionsaresuggested.BoththeanalysisandthesuggestionarebasedonNida,sfunctionalequivalencetheory.Thepresentthesisiscomposedoffourparts.Partoneintroducesthenotionsoftouristmaterialsandscenic-spotintroductions,andreviewsthestatusquaofC-Etranslationofscenic-spotintroductions.ParttwoemploysNida,sufunctionalequivalencetheoryvasthetheoreticalbasisofthewholethesis.Partthreepresentsussometypicalexamplesofscenic-spotintroductions,bothChineseandEnglish.Thenadetailedanalysiswillbeconductedontheseexamples,inordertodiscoverthecommonproblemsintranslationofChinesescenic-spotintroduction.AndthedifferentfeaturesbetweenChineseandEnglishscenic-spotintroductionswillbesummedupthroughacomparisonbetweenthesetwokindsoftext.Inpartfour,sometentativesolutionsdirectingattheexistingproblemsinthetranslationofChinesescenic-spotintroductionswillbeprovided.ThepresentauthorhopesthatthetranslationqualityofChinesescenic-spotintroductionbeimproved,andmoreresearchesinthisfieldbeunderwayinthefuturebytranslatorsandrelevantprofessionalsinourcountry.1. Thestatusquaofscenic-spotintroductiontranslation1.1. TouristmaterialsTouristmaterialsincludescenic-spotintroductions,touristadvertisements,noticesandpublicsignsattouristattractions,tourschedules,andcoupletshungonthecolumnsofthetouristattractions,etc.1.2. Scenic-spotintroductionsScenic-spotintroductionsconveycertainparticularinformationtotouristsviasomewaysofexpression,thusfulfillsthegoalsofaestheticeducationandinformationservice.Accordingtothedifferencesofthewaysofexpression,scenic-spotintroductioncanbeclassifiedintotwocategories：onekindistheguidingintroductionmadebyprofessionaltourguides,theotherisself-guidingintroductionthroughintroductionsigns,introductionbrochures,guidemaps,vocalintroductions,videotapesorslidesandotherstaticways.Bycomparingthesetwokindsofintroductions,thelatterisbetterfortouriststotakeinusefulinformationfreelyaccordingtotheirowninterests.Somostscenicspotsadoptself-guidingintroductions,whichmostlyrelyonintroductionsigns.Therefore,thepresentthesiswillmainlyfocusonthisaspect.1.3. Thepresenttranslationlevelofscenic-spotintroductionOwingtotheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandwesterncountries,therearemanydifficultiesinthetranslationprocess.Manytranslatorsareaccustomedtotranslatescenic-spotintroductionsbasedonChinesemindsetandwaysofexpression.Asaresult,inaccuraciesandmistakescanoftenbeseeninthetranslatedtexts.Intoday,sChina,thetranslationqualityofscenic-spotintroductionsisfarfromsatisfactoryduetocountlessspellingmistakes,grammaticalmistakes,andculturalmisinterpretations,etc.Therefore,thetranslationofscenic-spotintroductionsandtheresearchonitisnecessaryandurgent.2. TheoreticalframeworkThemaingoaloftranslationis,nodoubt,toestablishaparticulartypeofcorrespondencebetweenthesourcetextandthetargettext.Thenatureofthecorrespondencehasbeenreferredto“faithfulness”or“fidelity"，ormorepredominantly,thenotionofequivalence,Theterm“equivalence“intranslationfirstappearedinJ.R.Firth,swriting(1957)whenshestatedthat“theso-calledtranslationequivalentsbetweentwolanguagesareneverreallyequivalentv(Snell-Hornby,1988：37).Withthedevelopmentoflinguisticsandthestudyoftranslationin1960s,translationequivalencevbecamethefocusofstudy.2.1. AgeneralintroductionofNida,sFunctionalEquivalenceTheory2. 1.1.BeingputforwardasopposedtoformalequivalenceEugeneA.Nida,aworld-famousAmericanlinguistandtranslationtheorist,hasanoverwhelminginfluenceinthetranslationfield.OneofNida,sgreatestcontributionstotranslationtheoryistheconceptoffunctionalequivalence,whichwasfirstputforwardasdynamicequivalencesopposedtoformalequivalenceinhisbookTowardsaScienceofTranslatingin1964.Hearguesthattherearetwotypesofequivalence：formalequivalenceanddynamicequivalence.Formalequivalencefocusesattentiononthemessageitself,inbothformandcontent”，whiledynamicequivalenceisbasedupon“theprincipleonequivalenteffectn(Nida,1964：159).Informalequivalencetranslation,oneisconstantlyconcernedwithsuchcorrespondenceaswordtoword,andsentencetosentence,w